Arch Neurol. 1986 Jan;43(1):71-84.
One in six ischemic strokes is due to cardiogenic embolism. The current knowledge about the natural history, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of cardioembolic stroke is reviewed. Nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation is the most frequent substrate for brain embolism; patients with this dysrhythmia have a fivefold increase in the risk of stroke. Ischemic heart disease (25%), rheumatic mitral stenosis (10%), and prosthetic cardiac valves (10%) are other major sources of cardioembolic stroke. Mitral annulus calcification and calcific aortic stenosis infrequently serve as cardioembolic sources. As cardiac sources of embolic stroke are often identifiable prior to stroke, many of these strokes are potentially preventable.
六分之一的缺血性中风是由心源性栓塞引起的。本文综述了目前关于心源性栓塞性中风的自然病史、诊断、预防和治疗的知识。非风湿性心房颤动是脑栓塞最常见的病因；患有这种心律失常的患者中风风险增加五倍。缺血性心脏病（25%）、风湿性二尖瓣狭窄（10%）和人工心脏瓣膜（10%）是心源性栓塞性中风的其他主要来源。二尖瓣环钙化和钙化性主动脉瓣狭窄很少作为心源性栓塞源。由于栓塞性中风的心脏来源通常在中风前就可以识别，因此许多此类中风是可以预防的。
