Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
Grupo de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
J Mycol Med. 2022 May;32(2):101249. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2022.101249. Epub 2022 Jan 21.
Infectious keratitis and sclerokeratitis caused by filamentous fungi prevail in agricultural regions with tropical and subtropical climates and are related mostly to mild abrasive corneal trauma especially after vegetable matter related injury. Biotechnological advances have introduced biological control agents in agriculture such as fungal-based biocontrol agents that use Beauveria and Metarhizium species as bioinsecticides. Keratitis and sclerokeratitis are the most frequent pathologies associated to Beauveria and Metarhizium infection that are the main entomopathogenic fungi used in biological control, although other clinical cases such as sinus, skin lesions, and disseminated infections have been reported. Search of publications was carried out using the databases: Scopus, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, MedLine Scielo. A total of 30 articles were retrieved from 1984 - 2021. From these, 17 keratitis and one sclerokeratitis clinical cases were related to Beauveria infection, while Metarhizium was linked to 13 keratitis cases and two sclerokeratitis clinical cases. Female sex predominated in both Metarhizium and Beauveria clinical cases, there was no significant difference in sclerokeratitis / keratitis by sex. Contact lenses use was a factor reported in 66.6% cases of infection with Metarhizium and 22.2% with Beauveria. The review of clinical cases of keratitis and sclerokeratitis related to Beauveria and Metarhizium suggests the need to consider entomopathogenic fungi in ocular pathologies and the risk that imply the misuse of contact lenses and agricultural/gardening activities.
丝状真菌引起的感染性角膜炎和巩膜炎在热带和亚热带气候的农业区流行，主要与轻度磨蚀性角膜创伤有关，尤其是在与植物有关的损伤后。生物技术的进步在农业中引入了生物防治剂，如基于真菌的生物防治剂，使用球孢白僵菌和金龟子绿僵菌作为生物杀虫剂。角膜炎和巩膜炎是与球孢白僵菌和金龟子绿僵菌感染相关的最常见疾病，它们是生物防治中使用的主要昆虫病原真菌，尽管也有其他临床病例，如窦炎、皮肤损伤和播散性感染。使用 Scopus、Pubmed、ScienceDirect、MedLine Scielo 数据库进行了文献检索。从 1984 年至 2021 年共检索到 30 篇文章。其中，17 例角膜炎和 1 例巩膜炎与球孢白僵菌感染有关，而金龟子绿僵菌与 13 例角膜炎和 2 例巩膜炎有关。在金龟子绿僵菌和球孢白僵菌的临床病例中，女性占优势，性别与巩膜炎/角膜炎无显著差异。在感染金龟子绿僵菌的病例中有 66.6%报告了隐形眼镜的使用，而在感染球孢白僵菌的病例中有 22.2%报告了隐形眼镜的使用。角膜炎和巩膜炎与球孢白僵菌和金龟子绿僵菌相关的临床病例回顾表明，有必要考虑昆虫病原真菌在眼部疾病中的作用，以及误用隐形眼镜和农业/园艺活动所带来的风险。
