Hittle Beverly M, Norrell Ruth M, Omololu Shammah O, Gresham-Ulrich Megan
University of Cincinnati.
Maple Knoll Communities, Inc.
Workplace Health Saf. 2022 Jun;70(6):268-277. doi: 10.1177/21650799211054863. Epub 2022 Feb 3.
Sleep health disturbances can increase risks for workplace injury, error, and poor worker health. Essential workers have reported sleep disturbances since the COVID-19 pandemic onset, which may jeopardize their health and safety. The aims of this project were to assess sleep health among Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC) workers, examine potential differences between worker types, and describe the self-perceived impact of COVID-19 on workers' workload and sleep.
Through an academic-practice partnership, this needs assessment used a cross-sectional design that collected self-report data during fall 2020 from CCRC workers. Guided by the Workplace Health Model, survey questions included work characteristics, sleep health, and COVID-19 impact on sleep and workload.
Ninety-four respondents completed the survey across multiple departments. Respondents ( 34, 36.2%) reported sleeping below recommended hours on workdays. The majority scored above the population mean on Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement (PROMIS) measures of sleep disturbance ( 52, 55.3%), sleep-related impairment ( 49, 52.1%), and fatigue ( 49, 52.1%). Differences in workday total sleep time and fatigue were noted among shift workers versus nonshift workers, with shift workers reporting less sleep and more fatigue. Shorter sleep duration was noted among respondents working shifts 10 or more hours compared with those working 8 hours. Pandemic-related workload increase was reported by 22.3% ( 21) of respondents, with 17% ( 16) noting more than one type of workload change. Since COVID-19 onset, 36.2% ( 34) reported no sleep changes and 35.1% ( 33) reported sleeping less. A medium, positive relationship was found between increased changes in work due to COVID-19 and increased difficulties sleeping ( = .41, = 73, = .000).
CONCLUSION/APPLICATION TO PRACTICE: Proper sleep health is essential to workplace safety and worker health. By assessing sleep health during a crisis, occupational health nurses can identify opportunities to support worker health and safety, through sleep education, monitoring for sleepiness and fatigue, ensuring countermeasures are available (e.g., caffeine), and assessing for opportunities to change organizational policies.
睡眠健康问题会增加工作场所受伤、失误及员工健康不佳的风险。自新冠疫情爆发以来，一线工作者报告了睡眠障碍问题，这可能危及他们的健康与安全。本项目旨在评估持续护理退休社区（CCRC）工作人员的睡眠健康状况，研究不同类型员工之间的潜在差异，并描述新冠疫情对员工工作量和睡眠的自我感知影响。
通过学术-实践伙伴关系，这项需求评估采用横断面设计，于2020年秋季收集CCRC工作人员的自我报告数据。以工作场所健康模型为指导，调查问题包括工作特征、睡眠健康以及新冠疫情对睡眠和工作量的影响。
94名受访者完成了跨多个部门的调查。受访者中（34人，占36.2%）报告称工作日睡眠时间低于建议时长。在患者报告结局测量（PROMIS）的睡眠障碍（52人，占55.3%）、睡眠相关损害（49人，占52.1%）和疲劳（49人，占52.1%）测量中，大多数人的得分高于总体平均水平。轮班工人与非轮班工人在工作日总睡眠时间和疲劳方面存在差异，轮班工人报告睡眠较少且疲劳感更强。与工作8小时的受访者相比，工作10小时或更长时间的受访者睡眠时间更短。22.3%（21人）的受访者报告称与疫情相关的工作量增加，其中17%（16人）指出有不止一种类型的工作量变化。自新冠疫情爆发以来，36.2%（34人）报告睡眠无变化，35.1%（33人）报告睡眠减少。发现因新冠疫情导致的工作变化增加与睡眠困难增加之间存在中等程度的正相关关系（r = 0.41，n = 73，p = 0.000）。
结论/实践应用：良好的睡眠健康对工作场所安全和员工健康至关重要。通过在危机期间评估睡眠健康状况，职业健康护士可以通过睡眠教育、监测嗜睡和疲劳情况、确保提供应对措施（如咖啡因）以及评估改变组织政策的机会等方式，来确定支持员工健康与安全的机会。
