Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 362057University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 362057University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Inquiry. 2022 Jan-Dec;59:469580211062449. doi: 10.1177/00469580211062449.
Morbidity and mortality related to acute poisoning is a major public health issue in both developing and developed countries. Community pharmacists have a crucial role in ensuring drug availability, increasing drug safety, counseling patients, overdose risk reduction and management, and provision of appropriate drug information. This study aimed to assess the availability of necessary antidotes in community pharmacies in Gondar and Bahir-Dar cities, Ethiopia, and the role of community pharmacists in the management of acute poisoning.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Gondar and Bahir-Dar cities. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used for data collection and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 was used for data analysis. Chi-square analysis was computed to identify the associated factors with a confidence interval of 95% and a value less than .05 was used as a cut-point for statistical significance.
Out of 101 community pharmacies invited to participate in the study, 80 of them completed the survey with a response rate of 79.2%. The overall mean antidote availability score was .59 (SD = .837), which falls within the definition of Poor availability. None of the pharmacies had kept all of the antidotes, and the maximum number of an antidote kept by a single pharmacy was 7 out of nineteen essential antidotes surveyed. The most commonly reported reason for the unavailability of essential antidotes was stock was not ordered (56.3%) followed by stock ordered but not delivered from suppliers (wholesalers) (20.0%). More than 3 fourth of the respondents (83.8%) had poor knowledge about the antidotes for the common poisonings.
There was a significantly very low availability of essential antidotes in the community pharmacies. Strategies should be implemented to improve pharmacist's knowledge about antidotes, and management of poisoning emergencies through on-job training and provision of reference materials.
在发展中国家和发达国家，与急性中毒相关的发病率和死亡率都是一个主要的公共卫生问题。社区药剂师在确保药物供应、提高药物安全性、为患者提供咨询、降低和管理药物过量风险以及提供适当的药物信息方面发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚贡德尔和巴赫达尔市社区药店中必要解毒剂的供应情况，以及社区药剂师在急性中毒管理中的作用。
在贡德尔和巴赫达尔市进行了一项横断面调查。使用自我管理的结构化问卷进行数据收集，并使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）版本 24.0 进行数据分析。使用卡方分析来确定与 95%置信区间相关的因素，并且.05 作为统计显著性的截断值。
在受邀参加研究的 101 家社区药店中，有 80 家完成了调查，应答率为 79.2%。解毒剂总可得性评分平均为.59（SD =.837），属于可得性差的范围。没有一家药店备齐了所有解毒剂，而且单个药店备有的解毒剂数量最多的也只有 19 种必需解毒剂中的 7 种。最常见的未备有必需解毒剂的原因是未向供应商（批发商）订购库存（56.3%），其次是已订购但未收到库存（20.0%）。超过四分之三的受访者（83.8%）对常见中毒解毒剂的知识掌握较差。
社区药店中必需解毒剂的供应严重不足。应通过在职培训和提供参考资料等策略来提高药剂师对解毒剂的认识和对中毒紧急情况的管理。
