University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Int J Psychol. 2022 Aug;57(4):535-545. doi: 10.1002/ijop.12835. Epub 2022 Feb 3.
Refugees typically experience stronger migration forcedness and higher migration-related perils (harm, adversities and hardship) than do non-refugee migrants. We explored how refugees' and non-refugee migrants' perceptions of their own forcedness of migration and related perils before and during migration are associated with regret about leaving their country of origin and their confidence in integration. In two studies conducted with refugee and non-refugee migrants in Germany (total N = 336), we found correlations between perceived forcedness and premigration perils, and perils during migration, with meaningful differences between groups from different countries. Importantly, regret about migration was predicted by an interaction effect of perceived forcedness and migration perils: Perils encountered during migration increased regret about having migrated when perceived forcedness was low (vs. high). As important potential predictors of confidence in integration and regret, we also assessed discrimination experienced in the receiving society (Study 1) and resilience (Study 2). Importantly, we found that high (vs. low) perceived migration perils buffered negative effects of discrimination experienced in the host country. We discuss implications of our findings for integration in the receiving society, highlighting the role of perceived forcedness in coping with distressing experiences before and after arrival in the host country.
难民通常比非难民移民经历更强的移民被迫性和更高的移民相关风险（伤害、逆境和困难）。我们探讨了难民和非难民移民在移民前和移民期间对自己移民被迫性和相关风险的看法，这些看法与他们对离开原籍国的遗憾和对融入的信心有关。在德国进行的两项针对难民和非难民移民的研究（共 336 人）中，我们发现感知到的被迫性和移民前的风险以及移民期间的风险之间存在相关性，而且来自不同国家的群体之间存在显著差异。重要的是，感知到的被迫性和移民风险之间的相互作用预测了对移民的遗憾：当感知到的被迫性较低（与较高相比）时，移民期间遇到的风险会增加对移民的遗憾。作为融入信心和遗憾的重要潜在预测因素，我们还评估了在接收社会中经历的歧视（研究 1）和韧性（研究 2）。重要的是，我们发现高（与低相比）感知到的移民风险缓冲了在东道国经历的歧视的负面影响。我们讨论了我们的研究结果对接收社会融合的影响，强调了在到达东道国前后应对痛苦经历时感知到的被迫性的作用。
