Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital y Fundación Médica Sur, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Cir Cir. 2022;90(1):140-149. doi: 10.24875/CIRU.20001307.
In 1852, Owen, a prominent British anatomist, described the parathyroid glands. While dissecting a rhinoceros, he noted a small compact yellow body, attached to the thyroid. Virchow and later Remak described the human parathyroids around 1960, but credit for the first complete description goes to the Sandström in 1980. More than a decade later Gley, showed that it was the removal of the parathyroids that accounted for the tetany that followed thyroidectomy. The association of parathyroid pathology and skeletal abnormalities was made in 1914 by Erdheim and Schlagenhaufer, and Mandl, was the first surgeon to successfully treat a case of osteitis fibrosa by surgical removal of a parathyroid adenoma in 1925. The most extensive work on hyperparathyroidism was done in the 1930s by Albright form Boston, who described parathyroid hyperplasia, and differentiated between primary, secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Progresses in anatomy, physiology and surgery of the parathyroid glands, have contributed to various effective modalities of diagnosis and treatment.
1852 年，英国杰出的解剖学家欧文描述了甲状旁腺。在解剖一头犀牛时，他注意到一个小而紧凑的黄色体，附着在甲状腺上。维乔和后来的雷马克在 1960 年左右描述了人类的甲状旁腺，但第一个完整描述的功劳应归于桑德斯特伦在 1980 年的发现。十多年后，格利表明，正是甲状旁腺的切除导致了甲状腺切除术后的抽搐。甲状旁腺病变与骨骼异常的关联是在 1914 年由厄尔德海姆和施拉格豪弗尔以及曼德尔提出的，曼德尔是第一位成功通过手术切除甲状旁腺瘤治疗一例纤维性骨炎的外科医生，时间是 1925 年。20 世纪 30 年代，波士顿的奥尔布赖特对甲状旁腺功能亢进症进行了最广泛的研究，他描述了甲状旁腺增生，并将其分为原发性、继发性和三发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症。甲状旁腺解剖学、生理学和外科学的进展，为各种有效的诊断和治疗方法做出了贡献。
