Baskin-Sommers Arielle, Brazil Inti A
Yale University, Department of Psychology, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2022 Apr;26(4):325-336. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2022.01.001. Epub 2022 Feb 1.
The psychopath has long captured the imagination. A name such as Ted Bundy evokes a morbid curiosity. The crimes committed by Bundy are so cruel that it is hard to imagine how someone could do such things. In this review we discuss evidence that exaggeration in an attention bottleneck is one mechanism that makes it possible for psychopathic individuals to be adept at focusing on a single stimulus feature or goal but struggle to process multiple streams of information simultaneously. This exaggeration may partly explain the behavioral, affective, and social deficits that are apparent among psychopathic individuals. Further research on this attentional mechanism may promote a science that adequately captures the complexity of psychopathic behavior and offers new avenues for intervention.
长期以来,精神变态者一直吸引着人们的想象力。像泰德·邦迪这样的名字会引发一种病态的好奇心。邦迪犯下的罪行极其残忍,很难想象有人能做出这样的事。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了这样的证据:注意力瓶颈中的夸张是一种机制,它使得精神变态者能够擅长专注于单一刺激特征或目标,但难以同时处理多个信息流。这种夸张可能部分解释了精神变态者中明显的行为、情感和社交缺陷。对这种注意力机制的进一步研究可能会推动一门能够充分捕捉精神变态行为复杂性并提供新干预途径的科学发展。