Poirier T I
Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1986 Feb;20(2):97-105. doi: 10.1177/106002808602000201.
Mitoxantrone is an anthraquinone antineoplastic agent with structural similarities to doxorubicin. It has a mechanism of action similar to the anthracyclines. Its primary elimination route is hepatic metabolism (only seven percent renal excretion) and it has a terminal half-life of approximately 40 hours. Mitoxantrone has significant activity in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, acute leukemias, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Some activity is reported in head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's, myeloma, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, and liver cancer. There is a suggestion of incomplete cross-resistance between mitoxantrone and the anthracyclines in certain neoplasms. Some activity is reported with mitoxantrone in patients refractory to the anthracyclines in breast cancer, acute leukemias, and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The usual doses used in solid tumors and in lymphomas are mitoxantrone 12-14 mg/m2 iv q3-4wk and in leukemias is mitoxantrone 12 mg/m2/d X 5 d iv for initial induction.
米托蒽醌是一种蒽醌类抗肿瘤药物，其结构与多柔比星相似。它的作用机制与蒽环类药物相似。其主要消除途径是肝脏代谢（仅7%经肾脏排泄），终末半衰期约为40小时。米托蒽醌在转移性乳腺癌、急性白血病和非霍奇金淋巴瘤的治疗中具有显著活性。据报道，在头颈癌、霍奇金淋巴瘤、骨髓瘤、膀胱癌、前列腺癌、非小细胞肺癌和肝癌中也有一定活性。在某些肿瘤中，米托蒽醌与蒽环类药物之间存在不完全交叉耐药的迹象。据报道，米托蒽醌对乳腺癌、急性白血病和非霍奇金淋巴瘤中对蒽环类药物耐药的患者也有一定活性。实体瘤和淋巴瘤常用的米托蒽醌剂量为12 - 14 mg/m²静脉注射，每3 - 4周一次；白血病的初始诱导剂量为米托蒽醌12 mg/m²/天×5天静脉注射。
