School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2022 Aug 30;102(11):4473-4483. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11802. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
Bitter melon is widely applied to the treatment of diabetes and obesity, but few studies focus on the processing procedure of bitter melon. The differences in physical properties, bioaccessibility, and anti-obesity activity of bitter melon powder (BMP) produced with or without superfine grinding were investigated to optimize an effective processing procedure.
Results showed that superfine grinding could improve the physical properties of BMP, represented by greater bulk density, lower water-holding capacity, and higher bioactive compounds' solubilities. Superfine grinding remarkably affected the bioaccessibility of phenolics and the antioxidant capacity of bitter melon during in vitro digestion. Meanwhile, after a 4 week treatment, 25 μm BMP showed a greater anti-obesity activity with reduction in the serum insulin levels from 16.47 to 13.10 mIU L , reversing high-fat-diet-induced glucose intolerance, decreasing levels of serum lipids and hepatic lipid accumulation compared with the high-fat diet group.
In conclusion, superfine grinding was beneficial for improving the physical properties and bioaccessibility, simultaneously facilitating the anti-obesity activity of bitter melon, which will provide a reference for direct utilization of bitter melon as a health food to relieve symptoms of obesity. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
苦瓜被广泛应用于糖尿病和肥胖的治疗，但很少有研究关注苦瓜的加工过程。本研究旨在优化苦瓜粉（BMP）的有效加工工艺，对比了超微粉碎前后苦瓜粉物理性质、生物利用度和抗肥胖活性的差异。
结果表明，超微粉碎可以改善 BMP 的物理性质，表现为更高的堆密度、更低的持水力和更高的生物活性化合物溶解度。超微粉碎显著影响了体外消化过程中酚类物质的生物可及性和苦瓜的抗氧化能力。同时，经过 4 周的治疗，25μm BMP 降低了血清胰岛素水平（从 16.47 降至 13.10 mIU/L），改善了高脂肪饮食诱导的葡萄糖不耐受，降低了血清脂质和肝脂质蓄积水平，其抗肥胖活性优于高脂肪饮食组。
综上所述，超微粉碎有利于改善苦瓜的物理性质和生物利用度，同时促进苦瓜的抗肥胖活性，为苦瓜作为缓解肥胖症状的健康食品的直接利用提供参考。 © 2022 英国化学学会。
