Wojciechowska-Zdrojowy Marta, Jankowska-Konsur Alina, Nowicka-Suszko Danuta, Szepietowski Jacek C, Hryncewicz-Gwóźdź Anita
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2021 Dec;38(6):1052-1057. doi: 10.5114/ada.2021.112278. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
Alopecia areata (AA) is one of the most common causes of non-scarring hair loss in adults and children with unknown etiopathogenesis, however immunological factors play an important role.
To evaluate the concentration of interleukin (IL) 10 (IL-10), IL-12, IL-17 and IL-35 in the blood serum of patients with AA.
AA study group consisted of 118 patients. The control group consisted of 54 healthy individuals. The severity of the disease was assessed by SALT score. In the study group, the percentage of hair loss averaged 49.6% ±36.3%. The concentration of IL-10, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-35 in the serum was assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
In patients with AA, the level of IL-12 and IL-17 was significantly higher than in the control group ( > 0.05). The level of IL-10 in patients was slightly higher, whereas the level of IL-35 was slightly lower, compared to the control group, but those differences were not statistically significant. Furthermore, in patients with more severe disease the IL-12 level was significantly higher as compared to patients with the less severe AA ( < 0.05).
The etiopathogenesis of AA is complex, however Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes and their increased activity are undoubtedly significant contributors in this process. Disorders of immunological processes in AA require further research in order to understand the underlying pathomechanisms of the disease and to provide potential therapeutic strategies.
斑秃（AA）是成人和儿童非瘢痕性脱发的最常见原因之一，其发病机制尚不清楚，但免疫因素起着重要作用。
评估斑秃患者血清中白细胞介素（IL）10、IL - 12、IL - 17和IL - 35的浓度。
AA研究组由118例患者组成。对照组由54名健康个体组成。通过SALT评分评估疾病的严重程度。在研究组中，脱发百分比平均为49.6%±36.3%。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法评估血清中IL - 10、IL - 12、IL - 17和IL - 35的浓度。
AA患者中，IL - 12和IL - 17水平显著高于对照组（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，患者的IL - 10水平略高，而IL - 35水平略低，但这些差异无统计学意义。此外，与病情较轻的AA患者相比，病情较重的患者IL - 12水平显著更高（P<0.05）。
AA的发病机制复杂，然而Th1和Th17淋巴细胞及其活性增加无疑是这一过程中的重要因素。AA免疫过程的紊乱需要进一步研究，以了解该疾病的潜在病理机制并提供潜在的治疗策略。
