Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
J Cell Physiol. 2022 Jun;237(6):2644-2653. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30689. Epub 2022 Feb 6.
The microtubular scaffold of motile cilia-the axoneme, is decorated with dynein arms, which are large multiprotein complexes essential for ciliary motility. Dynein arms are arranged along the length of the axoneme in a precise repeating pattern, converting chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis into ciliary mechanical movement. How these complicated molecular machines are assembled coordinately and accurately, starting from mere polypeptide chains in the cytoplasm, remains a fascinating yet perplexing question. Rapidly emerging evidence, from multiple studies carried out with different model organisms and with various methodologies, has highlighted the existence of a dedicated assembly pathway. Here, we summarize recent progress made in clarifying the axonemal dynein arm assembly process, focusing on individual assembly steps, including cytoplasmic preassembly, intraflagellar transport, and axonemal docking.
纤毛的微管支架——轴丝，被动力蛋白臂所装饰，动力蛋白臂是一种大型的多蛋白复合物，对纤毛运动至关重要。动力蛋白臂沿着轴丝的长度以精确的重复模式排列，将化学能从 ATP 水解转化为纤毛的机械运动。这些复杂的分子机器是如何从细胞质中的多肽链开始协调和精确组装的，仍然是一个引人入胜但令人困惑的问题。来自不同模式生物和各种方法的多项研究的新出现的证据，突出了专门的组装途径的存在。在这里，我们总结了在阐明轴丝动力蛋白臂组装过程方面取得的最新进展，重点介绍了单个组装步骤，包括细胞质预组装、鞭毛内运输和轴丝对接。
