Aznar Ana, Tenenbaum Harriet R, Russell Pascale Sophie
Department of Psychology.
School of Psychology.
Emotion. 2023 Feb;23(1):289-301. doi: 10.1037/emo0001066. Epub 2022 Feb 7.
The present study examined mother-child talk about disgust. A total of 68 mothers and their 4-, ( = 55.72 months, = 4.13), 6- ( = 77.70 months, = 5.45), and 8- ( = 100.90 months, SD = 4.61) year-old children discussed four tasks relating to moral and pathogen disgust. Tasks comprised labeling facial expressions of emotions, generating items that would make participants disgusted or angry, identifying moral and pathogen transgressions as either causing anger or disgust, and finally rating the degree to which moral and pathogen transgressions were disgusting and justifying their responses. Mother-child dyads recognized the facial expression of happiness more accurately than that of disgust, but disgust was recognized equally well as expressions of sadness and anger across all age groups. Dyads associated moral transgressions with anger, whereas they associated pathogen transgressions with disgust. Finally, mothers and children and mothers individually rated pathogen transgressions as more disgusting than moral transgressions. Taken together, findings show that moral disgust is understood at a later age and is only used metaphorically, if at all, in children as old as 8 years old. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究考察了母子之间关于厌恶情绪的对话。共有68位母亲及其4岁（平均年龄=55.72个月，标准差=4.13）、6岁（平均年龄=77.70个月，标准差=5.45）和8岁（平均年龄=100.90个月，标准差=4.61）的孩子讨论了四项与道德厌恶和病原体厌恶相关的任务。任务包括识别情绪的面部表情、列举会让参与者感到厌恶或愤怒的事物、将道德和病原体违规行为认定为会引发愤怒或厌恶的行为，最后对道德和病原体违规行为的厌恶程度进行评分并为自己的回答提供理由。母子二人组识别快乐面部表情的准确率高于厌恶表情，但在所有年龄组中，厌恶表情与悲伤和愤怒表情的识别准确率相当。二人组将道德违规行为与愤怒联系起来，而将病原体违规行为与厌恶联系起来。最后，母亲和孩子以及母亲个人都认为病原体违规行为比道德违规行为更令人厌恶。综合来看，研究结果表明，道德厌恶在较晚的年龄才被理解，并且在8岁的儿童中，即使使用也只是隐喻性地使用。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
