Sun Xiaoyu, Ling Zhiyang, Yang Zhuo, Sun Bing
State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
Curr Opin Virol. 2022 Apr;53:101207. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2022.101207. Epub 2022 Feb 5.
Influenza viruses cause occasional pandemics and annual epidemics, thus persist as a threat to human society. The high variability of viral envelope proteins resulting from antigenic shift and antigenic drift allows influenza viruses to escape human herd immunity. During the past decade, along with the breakthroughs of human monoclonal antibody technologies, many broad reactive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that neutralize diverse influenza subtypes have been isolated and characterized. The achievements in this field have provided potential candidates of anti-influenza therapeutics and shed light on the design of universal influenza vaccines. Here, we review the broad neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting the virus surface proteins, summarize their epitopes, broad spectrum and immunological mechanisms of action and discuss the design of universal influenza vaccines inspired by bnAbs.
流感病毒偶尔会引发大流行，每年还会引起季节性流行，因此一直对人类社会构成威胁。抗原转换和抗原漂移导致病毒包膜蛋白高度可变，使流感病毒能够逃避人群免疫力。在过去十年中，随着人源单克隆抗体技术的突破，许多能中和多种流感亚型的广谱反应性单克隆抗体（mAb）已被分离和鉴定。该领域的成果为抗流感治疗提供了潜在候选药物，并为通用流感疫苗的设计提供了思路。在此，我们综述了针对病毒表面蛋白的广谱中和抗体（bnAb），总结了它们的表位、广谱性和免疫作用机制，并讨论了受bnAb启发的通用流感疫苗设计。
