Vargas E, Lye M, Faragher E B, Goddard C, Moser B, Davies I
Age Ageing. 1986 Jan;15(1):17-28. doi: 10.1093/ageing/15.1.17.
Increasing age impairs the regulation of blood pressure during posture change. The neuro-humoral and cardiovascular responses to head-up tilt were analysed in carefully-screened young and healthy elderly individuals. Mean blood pressure was significantly higher in the elderly but there were no differences in total peripheral resistance, heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac index. Age-related interactions were observed in the control of mean blood pressure, heart rate and stroke volume. Total peripheral resistance increased and cardiac index decreased but there was no difference in their control in the young and old. Noradrenaline, vasopressin, plasma renin activity and aldosterone all increased in response to the tilt. These observations indicate differences in the neuroendocrine responses and cardiovascular haemodynamics of young and old healthy individuals to head-up tilt and are particularly important because of all observations were made simultaneously in the same subject. It is suggested that a similar approach should be adopted in the investigation of patients with postural hypotension.
年龄增长会损害体位改变时的血压调节。在经过仔细筛选的年轻健康老年人中分析了对头部倾斜的神经体液和心血管反应。老年人的平均血压显著更高，但总外周阻力、心率、每搏输出量和心脏指数没有差异。在平均血压、心率和每搏输出量的控制方面观察到了与年龄相关的相互作用。总外周阻力增加，心脏指数降低，但年轻人和老年人在其控制方面没有差异。去甲肾上腺素、血管加压素、血浆肾素活性和醛固酮均因倾斜而增加。这些观察结果表明年轻和老年健康个体对头部倾斜的神经内分泌反应和心血管血流动力学存在差异，并且由于所有观察都是在同一受试者中同时进行的，所以尤为重要。建议在体位性低血压患者的研究中采用类似的方法。
