Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
J Fish Biol. 2022 Mar;100(3):793-810. doi: 10.1111/jfb.14997. Epub 2022 Feb 9.
Threadfins (Teleostei: Polynemidae) are a group of fishes named for their elongated and threadlike pectoral-fin rays. These fishes are commonly found in the world's tropical and subtropical waters, and are an economically important group for people living in these regions, with more than 100,000 t harvested in recent years. However, we do not have a detailed understanding of polynemid evolutionary history such that these fishes can be monitored, managed and conserved as an important tropical food source. Recent studies hypothesize at least one genus of threadfins is polyphyletic, and no studies have focused on generating a hypothesis of relationship for the Polynemidae using DNA sequences. In this study, we analyse a genomic dataset of ultraconserved-element and mitochondrial loci to construct a phylogeny of the Polynemidae. We recover the threadfins as a clade sister to flatfishes, with the most taxonomically rich genus, Polydactylus, being resolved as polyphyletic. When comparing our dataset to data from previous studies, we find that a few recent broad-scale phylogenies of fishes have incorporated mislabelled, misidentified or chimeric terminals into their analyses, impacting the relationships of threadfins they recover. We highlight these problematic sequences, providing revised identifications based on the data sequenced in this study. We then discuss the intrarelationships of threadfins, highlighting morphological or ecological characters that support the clades we recover.
线鳍鱼（Teleostei： Polynemidae）是一类以其延长的线状胸鳍鳍条命名的鱼类。这些鱼类通常分布在世界的热带和亚热带水域，是生活在这些地区的人们的重要经济鱼类，近年来的渔获量超过 10 万吨。然而，我们对线鳍鱼的进化历史了解甚少，因此无法对这些鱼类进行监测、管理和保护，将其作为重要的热带食物来源。最近的研究假设至少有一种线鳍鱼是多系的，而且没有研究集中在使用 DNA 序列对线鳍鱼科进行关系假设的研究上。在这项研究中，我们分析了超保守元件和线粒体基因座的基因组数据集，以构建线鳍鱼科的系统发育关系。我们将线鳍鱼恢复为与比目鱼并列的一个分支，而分类上最丰富的 Polydactylus 属则被解析为多系的。当将我们的数据集与之前研究的数据进行比较时，我们发现最近的一些鱼类广泛的系统发育研究将错误标记、错误鉴定或嵌合的末端纳入了它们的分析中，影响了它们所恢复的线鳍鱼的关系。我们突出了这些有问题的序列，并根据本研究中测序的数据提供了修订后的鉴定。然后，我们讨论了线鳍鱼的内部关系，强调了支持我们恢复的进化枝的形态或生态特征。
