Gupta Ashutosh, Marquess Alexis R, Pandey Abhay Kumar, Bishayee Anupam
Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(23):6344-6378. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2031094. Epub 2022 Feb 10.
Lam. (Family Moraceae), is a tropical tree, native to India and common in Asia, Africa, and several regions in South America. The fruit is commonly known as jackfruit which is one of the largest edible fruits in the world. Jackfruits comprises a wide range of nutrients, including minerals, carbohydrates, volatile compounds, proteins, and vitamins. The fruit, bark, leaves, and roots are endowed with therapeutic attributes and are utilized in the many traditional medicinal systems for the management of various ailments. Fruit and seeds are commonly used to prepare various food items, including sauce, ice creams, jams, jellies, and marmalades. Due to unique texture, jackfruit is becoming a popular meat substitute. Based on preclinical studies, jackfruit exhibits antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-melanin, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiviral, anthelmintic, wound-healing, and antineoplastic activities. Clinical studies reveal that the leaves possess antidiabetic action in healthy and insulin-independent diabetic individuals. Despite numerous health benefits, regrettably, jackfruit has not been properly utilized in a marketable scale in areas where it is produced. This review delivers an updated, comprehensive, and critical evaluation on the nutritional value, phytochemical profiling, pharmacological attributes and underlying mechanisms of action to explore the full potential of jackfruit in health and disease.
波罗蜜（桑科）是一种热带树木，原产于印度，在亚洲、非洲和南美洲的几个地区很常见。其果实通常被称为菠萝蜜，是世界上最大的可食用水果之一。菠萝蜜含有多种营养成分，包括矿物质、碳水化合物、挥发性化合物、蛋白质和维生素。该果实、树皮、树叶和根都具有治疗特性，并在许多传统医学体系中用于治疗各种疾病。果实和种子通常用于制作各种食品，包括酱汁、冰淇淋、果酱、果冻和橘子酱。由于其独特的质地，菠萝蜜正成为一种受欢迎的肉类替代品。基于临床前研究，菠萝蜜具有抗菌、抗氧化、抗黑色素、抗糖尿病、抗炎、免疫调节、抗病毒、驱虫、伤口愈合和抗肿瘤活性。临床研究表明，树叶对健康人和非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者具有抗糖尿病作用。尽管有诸多健康益处，但遗憾的是，在菠萝蜜的产地，它尚未得到大规模的商业化利用。本综述对菠萝蜜的营养价值、植物化学特征、药理特性及潜在作用机制进行了更新、全面和批判性的评估，以探索其在健康和疾病方面的全部潜力。
