Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Psychol Med. 2023 Jun;53(8):3548-3556. doi: 10.1017/S0033291722000113. Epub 2022 Feb 11.
Depressive symptoms, such as depressed mood, are common in older adults and associated with an increased risk for morbidity and mortality. Given the evidence that sleep disturbance and alterations in interferon (IFN)- biology are associated with depression risk, this study examines the separate and joint contributions of poor sleep maintenance and IFN- to depressed mood in older adults.
Community-dwelling, non-depressed older adults ( = 36, 72.1 ± 6.8 years) underwent a night of polysomnography to assess sleep maintenance [i.e. wake time after sleep onset (WASO)]. The morning after polysomnography, plasma levels of IFN- were evaluated along with self-reported depressed mood throughout the day. Multivariate linear regression tested associations of WASO and IFN- with the severity of depressed mood. In addition, moderation and mediation models examined the role of IFN- for the relationship between WASO and depressed mood.
A greater amount of WASO ( < 0.05) and higher levels of IFN- ( < 0.01) were both associated with the severity of depressed mood. Moreover, IFN- moderated the relationship between WASO and depressed mood ( < 0.01), such that WASO was more strongly related to the depressed mood among those with higher IFN-, than among those with lower IFN-. However, IFN- did not mediate the relationship between WASO and depressed mood.
In this study of older adults, poor sleep maintenance and higher levels of IFN- were both related to depressed mood. Moreover, IFN- moderated the relationship between poor sleep maintenance and depressed mood. Together, these findings suggest that older adults with higher IFN- are at heightened risk for depressive symptoms following sleep disturbance.
抑郁症状，如情绪低落，在老年人中很常见，与发病率和死亡率增加有关。鉴于睡眠障碍和干扰素（IFN）生物学改变与抑郁风险相关的证据，本研究探讨了老年人睡眠维持不良和 IFN-对抑郁情绪的单独和共同作用。
本研究纳入了 36 名无抑郁的社区居住的老年人（平均年龄为 72.1±6.8 岁），进行了一夜的多导睡眠图检查以评估睡眠维持情况（即睡眠起始后觉醒时间[WASO]）。多导睡眠图检查后的早晨，评估了 IFN-的血浆水平以及老年人全天的自我报告的抑郁情绪。采用多元线性回归检验 WASO 和 IFN-与抑郁严重程度的关系。此外，还采用调节和中介模型检验了 IFN-在 WASO 和抑郁情绪之间的关系中的作用。
更多的 WASO（<0.05）和更高水平的 IFN-（<0.01）均与抑郁严重程度相关。此外，IFN-调节了 WASO 和抑郁情绪之间的关系（<0.01），即 WASO与 IFN-水平较高的老年人的抑郁情绪之间的关系更强，而与 IFN-水平较低的老年人的抑郁情绪之间的关系较弱。然而，IFN-并未介导 WASO 和抑郁情绪之间的关系。
在这项对老年人的研究中，睡眠维持不良和更高水平的 IFN-均与抑郁情绪有关。此外，IFN-调节了睡眠维持不良与抑郁情绪之间的关系。综上所述，这些发现表明，IFN-水平较高的老年人在睡眠障碍后更易出现抑郁症状。
