Division of Pulmonary Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kochi Hospital, 1-2-25 Asakuranishimachi, Kochi city, Kochi, Japan.
Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kochi Hospital, 1-4-63-11 Hadaminamimachi, Kochi city, Kochi, Japan.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Feb 11;101(6):e28809. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000028809.
Mycobacterium peregrinum is a member of the group of rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria. It mainly causes surgical site and catheter-related infections, while pulmonary infection is rare. We herein present a case of pulmonary infection caused by M peregrinum.
A 62-year-old woman visited our hospital with dyspnea and was admitted for the treatment of pneumonia in July 2018.
Chest computed tomography showed patchy opacities and consolidation in the bilateral lungs and a cavity in the right upper lobe, which persisted after the treatment of bacterial pneumonia 5 years ago. She was administered ceftriaxone and azithromycin. Consolidation in the bilateral lungs improved, whereas the cavity in the right upper lobe remained and the consolidation surrounding it gradually spread. On admission, the sputum acid-fast bacillus culture was positive, and M peregrinum was identified twice by mass spectrometry. The cavity and consolidation surrounding it were diagnosed as pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by M peregrinum.
Although we recommended treatment for mycobacteriosis, the patient refused it.
The patient is regularly followed up; however, the cavity wall is thickening and shadows have become mildly enhanced over the course of 3 years.
We herein present a rare case of pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by M peregrinum and discuss the literature. Since limited information is currently available on pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by M peregrinum, the accumulation of further case reports and the clarification of its clinical features are needed.
嗜肺军团菌是快速生长非结核分枝杆菌群的一员。它主要引起手术部位和导管相关感染，而肺部感染则较为少见。本文报告了一例由嗜肺军团菌引起的肺部感染。
一名 62 岁女性因呼吸困难就诊我院，并于 2018 年 7 月因肺炎入院治疗。
胸部计算机断层扫描显示双侧肺部斑片状混浊和实变，以及右上叶空洞，5 年前细菌性肺炎治疗后仍存在。给予头孢曲松和阿奇霉素治疗。双肺实变改善，但右上叶空洞仍然存在，周围实变逐渐扩散。入院时，痰抗酸杆菌培养阳性，两次经质谱鉴定为嗜肺军团菌。诊断为嗜肺军团菌引起的肺部分枝杆菌病。
尽管我们建议对分枝杆菌病进行治疗，但患者拒绝了。
患者定期随访，但 3 年来空洞壁逐渐增厚，阴影轻度增强。
本文报告了一例罕见的嗜肺军团菌引起的肺部分枝杆菌病，并讨论了相关文献。由于目前关于嗜肺军团菌引起的肺部分枝杆菌病的信息有限，需要进一步积累病例报告并阐明其临床特征。
