UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Ecological Chemistry, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Ecological Chemistry, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Mar 1;232:113285. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113285. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
Bioaccumulation of persistent and hydrophobic organic compounds in the aquatic environment puts secondary consumers, such as fish, at risk. To assess their exposure, monitoring programs with high numbers of individuals have been conducted worldwide over decades that require major efforts and raise ethical issues. This study aimed at testing suspended particulate matter (SPM) as an alternative and accessible abiotic matrix to estimate the internal exposure concentrations of such chemicals in fish and mussels. Muscle tissues of bream (Abramis brama), tissues of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and SPM were collected from four major German rivers, Elbe, Danube, Saar and Saale, in 2018 within the national monitoring program of the German Environmental Specimen Bank. We used (i) total solvent extraction for biota samples to quantify the lipid-normalized concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and hexachlorobenzene and (ii) passive equilibrium sampling of SPM to derive equilibrium partitioning concentrations in lipids and (iii) set these independent data sets into context. Since the ratio of lipid-normalized concentration / equilibrium partitioning concentration in lipids was in most cases < 1.0, SPM may serve as a conservative proxy for the internal concentration of bream and mussels, although bream of high age (i.e., older than 10 years) showed a tendency for this ratio to exceed 1.0. This observation indicates that age-dependent biomagnification can exceed the predictions based on thermodynamic equilibrium relative to SPM.
在水生环境中，持久性和疏水性有机化合物的生物积累使次级消费者（如鱼类）面临风险。为了评估它们的暴露情况，全世界范围内进行了数十年的、有大量个体参与的监测计划，这些计划需要大量的努力并引发了伦理问题。本研究旨在测试悬浮颗粒物（SPM）作为一种替代且可获得的非生物基质，以估计鱼类和贻贝类体内这些化学物质的内部暴露浓度。2018 年，在德国环境标本库国家监测计划中，我们从德国的四条主要河流（易北河、多瑙河、萨尔河和萨勒河）中采集了鲤鱼（Abramis brama）的肌肉组织、斑马贻贝（Dreissena polymorpha）的组织和 SPM。我们使用（i）生物样品的全溶剂萃取法来量化多氯联苯、多环芳烃和六氯苯的脂类归一化浓度，（ii）SPM 的被动平衡采样以推导脂类中的平衡分配浓度，（iii）并将这些独立的数据组放在一起进行分析。由于脂类归一化浓度/脂类中平衡分配浓度的比值在大多数情况下<1.0，因此 SPM 可以作为鲤鱼和贻贝体内浓度的保守替代物，尽管年龄较大（即大于 10 岁）的鲤鱼有超过 1.0 的趋势。这一观察结果表明，与 SPM 相比，年龄相关的生物放大作用可能超过基于热力学平衡的预测。
