Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA.
Department of Mathematics and statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2022 May 1;74(5):e109-e114. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000003413.
There is limited knowledge about the role of esophageal microbiome in pediatric esophageal eosinophilia (EE). We aimed to characterize the esophageal microbiome in pediatric patients with and without EE.
In the present prospective study, esophageal mucosal biopsies were obtained from 41 children. Of these, 22 had normal esophageal mucosal biopsies ("healthy"), 6 children had reflux esophagitis (RE), 4 had proton pump inhibitor (PPi)-responsive esophageal eosinophilia (PPi-REE), and 9 had eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). The microbiome composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The age median (range) in years for the healthy, RE, PPi-REE, and EoE group were 10 (1.5-18), 6 (2-15), 6.5 (5-15), and 9 (1.5-17), respectively.
The bacterial phylum Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Proteobacteria were the most predominant. The Epsilonproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Sphingobacteria class were underrepresented across groups. The Vibrionales was predominant in healthy and EoE group but lower in RE and PPi-REE groups. The genus Streptococcus, Rahnella, and Leptotrichia explained 29.65% of the variation in the data with an additional 10.86% variation in the data was explained by Microbacterium, Prevotella, and Vibrio genus. The healthy group had a higher diversity and richness index compared to other groups, but this was not statistically different.
The pediatric esophagus has an abundant and diverse microbiome, both in the healthy and diseased states. The healthy group had a higher, but not significantly different, diversity and richness index compared to other groups.
关于食管微生物组在儿科食管嗜酸性粒细胞增多症（EE）中的作用知之甚少。本研究旨在描述患有和不患有 EE 的儿科患者的食管微生物组。
在本前瞻性研究中，从 41 名儿童中获得食管黏膜活检。其中，22 例为正常食管黏膜活检（“健康”），6 例为反流性食管炎（RE），4 例为质子泵抑制剂（PPI）反应性食管嗜酸性粒细胞增多症（PPI-REE），9 例为嗜酸细胞性食管炎（EoE）。使用 16S rRNA 基因测序分析微生物组组成。健康、RE、PPI-REE 和 EoE 组的年龄中位数（范围）分别为 10 岁（1.5-18 岁）、6 岁（2-15 岁）、6.5 岁（5-15 岁）和 9 岁（1.5-17 岁）。
优势细菌门为放线菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、梭杆菌门和变形菌门。各组均缺乏 ε-变形菌纲、β-变形菌纲、黄杆菌纲、梭杆菌纲和鞘脂单胞菌纲。振铃菌目在健康和 EoE 组中占优势，但在 RE 和 PPI-REE 组中较低。链球菌属、Rahnella 属和 Leptotrichia 属解释了数据中 29.65%的变异，而 Microbacterium 属、Prevotella 属和 Vibrio 属解释了数据中另外 10.86%的变异。与其他组相比，健康组的多样性和丰富度指数更高，但无统计学差异。
儿童食管的微生物组丰富多样，在健康和患病状态下均如此。与其他组相比，健康组的多样性和丰富度指数更高，但无统计学差异。
