Desert Research Center, Mataria, Cairo, Egypt.
Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jun;29(30):45578-45588. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19115-z. Epub 2022 Feb 11.
Global warming has become intensified and widespread, threatening the world with causing acute heatwaves that adversely affect poultry production and producers' profitability. Spirulina platensis is a precious and promising mitigating strategy to combat the detrimental impacts of heat stress due to its high contents of nutrients and bioactive components. The current study was designed to compare the incorporation impact of S. platensis powder or aqueous extract on the growth and physiological responses of heat-stressed broiler chicks. Six hundred 1-day-old Ross 308 male broiler chicks were allocated into five experimental groups with six replicates of 20 chicks each. The control group fed the basal diet without additives, SPP1 and SPP2 groups fed the basal diet with 1 g/kg and 2 g/kg S. platensis powder, respectively, while SPE1 and SPE2 groups received 1 ml/L and 2 ml/L S. platensis aqueous extract in the drinking water, respectively. All birds were exposed to cyclic heat stress (34 ± 2 °C for 12 h) for three successive days a week from day 10 to day 35. In vitro analysis showed that total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of S. platensis were remarkably decreased (P < 0.001) in the aqueous extract compared to the powder form. Body weight, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were improved (P < 0.001) in all treated groups, while carcass yield and dressing percentage were increased only in SPP1 and SPP2. Feed and water intake and blood biochemical parameters were not affected. Both forms of S. platensis enhanced the lipid profile, redox status, and humoral immune response of heat-stressed chicks superior to the powder form. Conclusively, the powder form of S. platensis was more effective in enhancing the productivity of broilers and alleviating the negative impacts of heat stress than the aqueous extract form.
全球变暖加剧和蔓延，给世界带来了造成急性热浪的威胁，这些热浪对家禽生产和生产者的盈利能力产生不利影响。螺旋藻是一种珍贵且有前途的缓解策略，可对抗热应激的不利影响，因为它含有高含量的营养物质和生物活性成分。本研究旨在比较螺旋藻粉或水提物对热应激肉鸡雏鸡生长和生理反应的影响。将 600 只 1 日龄罗斯 308 雄性肉鸡雏鸡分为 5 个实验组，每个实验组有 6 个重复，每个重复 20 只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮，不添加任何添加剂；SPP1 和 SPP2 组分别在基础日粮中添加 1 g/kg 和 2 g/kg 的螺旋藻粉；SPE1 和 SPE2 组分别在饮水中添加 1 ml/L 和 2 ml/L 的螺旋藻水提物。所有鸡只从第 10 天到第 35 天，每周连续 3 天暴露于周期性热应激（12 h 为 34±2°C）。体外分析表明，与粉末形式相比，螺旋藻水提物中的总酚、类黄酮和抗氧化活性显著降低（P<0.001）。所有处理组的体重、增重和饲料转化率均提高（P<0.001），而仅在 SPP1 和 SPP2 组中，胴体产率和屠宰率增加。采食量和饮水量以及血液生化参数不受影响。两种形式的螺旋藻均能改善热应激雏鸡的脂质谱、氧化还原状态和体液免疫反应，优于粉末形式。总之，与水提物形式相比，螺旋藻粉末形式更能有效提高肉鸡的生产性能，减轻热应激的负面影响。
