van der Linden Eva L, Meeks Karlijn A C, Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin, Bahendeka Silver, Beune Erik J A J, van den Born Bert-Jan H, Agyemang Charles
Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute.
Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Hypertens. 2022 May 1;40(5):1010-1018. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003108. Epub 2022 Feb 11.
Hypertension prevalence is high among African migrants, but the determinants of hypertension in migrants in Europe in relation to the population in the country of origin still needs to be elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the determinants of hypertension in Ghanaians residing in Ghana and Europe.
The current study used baseline data of 5659 participants, aged 25-70 years, of the Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess sociodemographic, lifestyle, psychosocial, anthropometric and health factors independently associated with hypertension in Ghanaians living in rural and urban Ghana, and Ghanaian migrants living in Europe.
Across all sites, older age (both sexes; odds ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.06-1.08) and diabetes (females only; 2.02, 1.54-1.67) were independently associated with hypertension. The other determinants of hypertension differed between geographical locations. Higher waist circumference (1.12, 1.05-1.20) was independently associated with hypertension in rural-Ghanaian males, as was higher body mass index (1.15, 1.03- 1.28) in urban-Ghanaian males, higher waist circumference (1.04, 1.01-1.07) and diabetes (1.75, 1.17-2.63) in European-Ghanaian males. In European-Ghanaian females, high alcohol intake (1.88, 1.01 -3.53) and waist circumference (1.04, 1.02- 1.06) were associated with hypertension, whereas in rural-Ghanaian females, a higher educational level (0.28, 0.08-0.98) was inversely associated with hypertension.
The current study identified several modifiable determinants of hypertension in Ghanaians, with differences between populations residing in various geographical locations. This highlights the importance of development and implementation of context-specific interventions targeting these determinants to reduce the burden of hypertension among Ghanaian migrants and nonmigrants.
非洲移民中高血压患病率较高，但欧洲移民中高血压的决定因素与原籍国人口相比仍有待阐明。因此，本研究的目的是评估居住在加纳和欧洲的加纳人高血压的决定因素。
本研究使用了“非洲移民肥胖与糖尿病研究”中5659名年龄在25至70岁之间参与者的基线数据。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来评估社会人口统计学、生活方式、心理社会、人体测量和健康因素与居住在加纳农村和城市的加纳人以及居住在欧洲的加纳移民高血压之间的独立相关性。
在所有地点，年龄较大（男女均有；比值比1.07，95%置信区间1.06 - 1.08）和糖尿病（仅女性；2.02，1.54 - 1.67）与高血压独立相关。高血压的其他决定因素在不同地理位置之间存在差异。较高的腰围（1.12，1.05 - 1.20）与加纳农村男性的高血压独立相关，加纳城市男性中较高的体重指数（1.15，1.03 - 1.28）、加纳欧洲男性中较高的腰围（1.04，1.01 - 1.07）和糖尿病（1.75，1.17 - 2.63）也与高血压独立相关。在加纳欧洲女性中，高酒精摄入量（1.88，1.01 - 3.53）和腰围（1.04，1.02 - 1.06）与高血压相关，而在加纳农村女性中，较高的教育水平（从0.28，0.08 - 0.98）与高血压呈负相关。
本研究确定了加纳人高血压的几个可改变的决定因素，不同地理位置的人群之间存在差异。这突出了制定和实施针对这些决定因素的因地制宜的干预措施以减轻加纳移民和非移民高血压负担的重要性。
