Sun Chenjing, Liu Jianguo, Duan Feng, Cong Lin, Qi Xiaokun
Department of Neurology, PLA Navy General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.
Arch Med Sci. 2021 Mar 18;18(1):206-222. doi: 10.5114/aoms/80619. eCollection 2022.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease which presents with an earlier age of onset and increased symptom severity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between regulation of miRNAs and AD.
We completed a bioinformatic analysis of miRNA-AD studies through multiple databases such as TargetScan, Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), FunRich and String and assessed which miRNAs are commonly elevated or decreased in brain tissues, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood of AD patients. All identified articles were assessed using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.
MiRNAs related to AD of twenty-eight studies were assessed in this study. A wide range of miRNAs were up-regulated or down-regulated in tissues of AD patients' brain, blood and CSF. Twenty-seven differentially dysregulated miRNAs involved in amyloidogenesis, inflammation, tau phosphorylation, apoptosis, synaptogenesis, neurotrophism, neuron degradation, and activation of cell cycle entry were identified. Additionally, our bioinformatics analysis identified the top ten functions of common miRNAs in candidate studies. The functions of common up-regulated miRNAs primarily target the nucleus and common down-regulated miRNAs primarily target transcription, DNA-templated.
Comprehensive analysis of all miRNA studies reveals cooperation in miRNA signatures whether in brain tissues or in CSF and peripheral blood. More and more studies suggest that miRNAs may play crucial roles as diagnostic biomarkers and/or as new therapeutic targets in AD. According to biomarkers, we can identify the preclinical phase early, which provides an important time window for therapeutic intervention.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种神经退行性疾病，其发病年龄更早，症状更严重。本研究的目的是评估微小RNA（miRNA）调控与AD之间的关系。
我们通过多个数据库，如TargetScan、注释、可视化与整合发现数据库（DAVID）、FunRich和String，完成了对miRNA-AD研究的生物信息学分析，并评估了哪些miRNA在AD患者的脑组织、脑脊液（CSF）和血液中普遍升高或降低。所有纳入的文章均使用特定的纳入和排除标准进行评估。
本研究评估了28项与AD相关的miRNA研究。在AD患者的脑、血液和CSF组织中，多种miRNA上调或下调。鉴定出27种差异失调的miRNA，它们参与淀粉样蛋白生成、炎症、tau磷酸化、细胞凋亡、突触形成、神经营养、神经元降解和细胞周期进入激活。此外，我们的生物信息学分析确定了候选研究中常见miRNA的前十大功能。常见上调miRNA的功能主要靶向细胞核，常见下调miRNA的功能主要靶向转录（DNA模板化）。
对所有miRNA研究的综合分析揭示了miRNA特征在脑组织、CSF和外周血中的协同作用。越来越多的研究表明，miRNA可能作为诊断生物标志物和/或作为AD的新治疗靶点发挥关键作用。根据生物标志物，我们可以早期识别临床前期，这为治疗干预提供了重要的时间窗口。
