Department of Assisted Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong (SCU-CUHK), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Feb 3;2022:7982344. doi: 10.1155/2022/7982344. eCollection 2022.
The absence of peroxisomes can cause disease in the human reproductive system, including the ovaries. The available peroxisomal gene-knockout female mouse models, which exhibit pathological changes in the ovary and reduced fertility, are listed in this review. Our review article provides the first systematic presentation of peroxisomal regulation and its possible functions in the ovary. Our immunofluorescence results reveal that peroxisomes are present in all cell types in the ovary; however, peroxisomes exhibit different numerical abundances and strong heterogeneity in their protein composition among distinct ovarian cell types. The peroxisomal compartment is strongly altered during follicular development and during oocyte maturation, which suggests that peroxisomes play protective roles in oocytes against oxidative stress and lipotoxicity during ovulation and in the survival of oocytes before conception. In addition, the peroxisomal compartment is involved in steroid synthesis, and peroxisomal dysfunction leads to disorder in the sexual hormone production process. However, an understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these physiological and pathological processes is lacking. To date, no effective treatment for peroxisome-related disease has been developed, and only supportive methods are available. Thus, further investigation is needed to resolve peroxisome deficiency in the ovary and eventually promote female fertility.
过氧化物酶体的缺失会导致人类生殖系统疾病，包括卵巢。本综述列出了具有卵巢病理变化和生育能力降低的可用过氧化物酶体基因敲除雌性小鼠模型。我们的综述文章首次系统地介绍了过氧化物酶体的调节及其在卵巢中的可能功能。我们的免疫荧光结果表明，过氧化物酶体存在于卵巢的所有细胞类型中；然而，过氧化物酶体在不同的卵巢细胞类型中的数量和蛋白质组成存在强烈的异质性。过氧化物酶体在卵泡发育和卵母细胞成熟过程中发生强烈改变，这表明过氧化物酶体在排卵过程中对卵母细胞的氧化应激和脂肪毒性以及在受孕前卵母细胞的存活中发挥保护作用。此外，过氧化物酶体参与甾体合成，过氧化物酶体功能障碍导致性激素产生过程紊乱。然而，对于这些生理和病理过程背后的细胞和分子机制的理解还很缺乏。迄今为止，尚未开发出针对过氧化物酶体相关疾病的有效治疗方法，仅提供支持性方法。因此，需要进一步研究来解决卵巢中的过氧化物酶体缺乏问题，最终促进女性生育能力。
