Hase Kazuma, Kadoya Yukimi, Takeuchi Yuki, Kobayasi Kohta I, Hiryu Shizuko
Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan.
R Soc Open Sci. 2022 Feb 9;9(2):211597. doi: 10.1098/rsos.211597. eCollection 2022 Feb.
The ability to detect behaviourally relevant sensory information is crucial for survival. Especially when active-sensing animals behave in proximity, mutual interferences may occur. The aim of this study was to examine how active-sensing animals deal with mutual interferences. Echolocation pulses and returning echoes were compared in spaces of various sizes (wide and narrow) in flying alone or in a group of three bats. We found that in the narrow space, the group-flying bats increased the duration and bandwidth of the terminal frequency-modulated component of their vocalizations. By contrast, the frequency of the returning echoes did not differ in the presence of conspecifics. We found that their own echo frequencies were compensated within the narrow frequency ranges by Doppler shift compensation. By contrast, the estimated frequencies of the received pulses emitted by the other bats were much more broadly distributed than their echoes. Our results suggest that the bat auditory systems are sharply tuned to a narrow frequency to filter spectral interference from other bats.
检测行为相关的感官信息的能力对生存至关重要。特别是当主动感知的动物在近距离活动时，可能会发生相互干扰。本研究的目的是研究主动感知的动物如何应对相互干扰。在单独飞行或三只蝙蝠组成的群体中，在各种大小（宽和窄）的空间中比较了回声定位脉冲和返回的回声。我们发现，在狭窄空间中，群体飞行的蝙蝠增加了其发声中终端调频成分的持续时间和带宽。相比之下，在有同种个体存在的情况下，返回回声的频率没有差异。我们发现，它们自身的回声频率在狭窄的频率范围内通过多普勒频移补偿得到了补偿。相比之下，其他蝙蝠发出的接收脉冲的估计频率分布比它们的回声要广泛得多。我们的结果表明，蝙蝠的听觉系统对狭窄频率进行了敏锐的调谐，以过滤来自其他蝙蝠的频谱干扰。
