Hampel N, Bodner D R, Persky L
Urol Clin North Am. 1986 May;13(2):207-24.
The indications for urinary diversion have changed in recent years, and it is most often required in association with radical surgery for pelvic malignancies. Many patient with lower urinary tract dysfunction can be managed satisfactorily without diversion by use of intermittent catheterization, administration of specific pharmacologic agents, and, when necessary, implantation of artificial sphincters. For patients who require urinary diversion, the ureteroileal conduit remains the standard by which other methods should be judged. If satisfactory results are to be obtained, it is clear that meticulous attention to indications, operative technique, and careful follow-up are essential. As many of these patients have other disabilities, the management of the urinary tract must be integrated with other aspects of patient care. The introduction of the colonic conduit and recently the continent types of urinary diversion represent a search for the ideal method that has yet to be achieved.
近年来,尿流改道的适应证发生了变化,目前最常用于盆腔恶性肿瘤的根治性手术。许多下尿路功能障碍患者通过间歇性导尿、使用特定药物,必要时植入人工括约肌,无需尿流改道就能得到满意的治疗。对于需要尿流改道的患者,输尿管回肠通道仍然是评判其他方法的标准。要获得满意的效果,显然必须对适应证、手术技术给予细致关注,并进行仔细的随访。由于这些患者中有许多人还有其他残疾,因此尿路管理必须与患者护理的其他方面相结合。结肠通道以及最近出现的可控性尿流改道方式的引入,代表着对尚未实现的理想方法的探索。