Ramon André, Greigert Hélène, Ornetti Paul, Bonnotte Bernard, Samson Maxime
Rheumatology Department, Dijon-Bourgogne University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France.
INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR 1098, RIGHT Graft-Host-Tumor Interactions/Cellular and Genetic Engineering, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, 21000 Dijon, France.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jan 19;11(3):495. doi: 10.3390/jcm11030495.
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a large-vessel granulomatous vasculitis occurring in patients over 50-year-old. Diagnosis can be challenging because there is no specific biological test or other diagnoses to consider. Two main phenotypes of GCA are distinguished and can be associated. First, cranial GCA, whose diagnosis is usually confirmed by the evidence of a non-necrotizing granulomatous panarteritis on temporal artery biopsy. Second, large-vessel GCA, whose related symptoms are less specific (fever, asthenia, and weight loss) and for which other diagnoses must be implemented if there is neither cephalic GCA nor associated polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) features chronic infection (tuberculosis, ), IgG4-related disease, Erdheim Chester disease, and other primary vasculitis (Behçet disease, relapsing polychondritis, or VEXAS syndrome). Herein, we propose a review of the main differential diagnoses to be considered regarding large vessel vasculitis.
巨细胞动脉炎（GCA）是一种发生于50岁以上患者的大血管肉芽肿性血管炎。由于没有特定的生物学检测方法或其他诊断方法可供参考，其诊断可能具有挑战性。GCA主要分为两种表型，且可能相互关联。第一种是颅部GCA，其诊断通常通过颞动脉活检显示非坏死性肉芽肿性全动脉炎来证实。第二种是大血管GCA，其相关症状不太特异（发热、乏力和体重减轻），如果既没有头部GCA，也没有相关的风湿性多肌痛（PMR）特征、慢性感染（结核病等）、IgG4相关疾病、 Erdheim-Chester病以及其他原发性血管炎（白塞病、复发性多软骨炎或VEXAS综合征），则必须进行其他诊断。在此，我们对大血管血管炎的主要鉴别诊断进行综述。
