Parigi Tommaso Lorenzo, Mastrorocco Elisabetta, Da Rio Leonardo, Allocca Mariangela, D'Amico Ferdinando, Zilli Alessandra, Fiorino Gionata, Danese Silvio, Furfaro Federica
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy.
Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
J Clin Med. 2022 Feb 7;11(3):872. doi: 10.3390/jcm11030872.
Endoscopy is the mainstay of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) evaluation and the pillar of colorectal cancer surveillance. Endoscopic equipment, both hardware and software, are advancing at an incredible pace. Virtual chromoendoscopy is now widely available, allowing the detection of subtle inflammatory changes, thus reducing the gap between endoscopic and histologic assessment. The progress in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has been remarkable, and numerous applications are now in an advanced stage of development. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems are likely to reshape most of the evaluations that are now prerogative of human endoscopists. Furthermore, sophisticated tools such as endocytoscopy and probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) are enhancing our assessment of inflammation and dysplasia. Finally, pCLE combined with molecular labeling could pave the way to a new paradigm of personalized medicine. This review aims to summarize the main changes that occurred in the field of IBD endoscopy and to explore the most promising novelties.
内镜检查是炎症性肠病（IBD）评估的主要手段，也是结直肠癌监测的支柱。内镜设备，包括硬件和软件，正以惊人的速度发展。虚拟染色内镜现已广泛应用，能够检测细微的炎症变化，从而缩小内镜评估与组织学评估之间的差距。人工智能（AI）领域进展显著，众多应用现已处于开发的高级阶段。计算机辅助诊断（CAD）系统可能会重塑目前大多数由人类内镜医师进行的评估。此外，诸如细胞内镜和基于探头的共聚焦激光显微内镜（pCLE）等精密工具正在增强我们对炎症和发育异常的评估。最后，pCLE与分子标记相结合可能为个性化医疗的新范式铺平道路。本综述旨在总结IBD内镜领域发生的主要变化，并探索最具前景的新进展。
