Ph.D Program for Health Science, Rey Juan Carlos Doctoral College, C/Quintana, 2, 28008 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Psychology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avda. Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jan 27;19(3):1399. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031399.
Pain anticipation has been identified as a predictor of pain and avoidance with respect to endodontic therapy. Self-efficacy is also key to the development and maintenance of health behaviors and achieve patient adherence to treatment. However, the role of self-efficacy has not been studied yet in endodontic treatment.
This study was conducted on 101 patients who needed root canal therapy. They had to fill a questionnaire before treatment registered pain anticipation and self-efficacy; during and after treatment were registered pain intensity and avoidance.
Pain anticipation explained pain during (Beta = 0.51, = 5.82, ≤ 0.001, [0.34, 0.69]) and after treatment (Beta = 0.38, = 4.35, ≤ 0.001, [0.21, 0.55]). Self-efficacy did not have an influence in pain values. Pain anticipation explained avoidance during (Beta = 0.51, = 3.60, ≤ 0.001, [0.23, 0.80]) and after treatment (Beta = 0.62, = 4.29, ≤ 0.001, [0.33, 0.91]). Self-efficacy had a significant role in avoidance during treatment (Beta = 0.12, = 2.19, ≤ 0.03, [0.01, 0.23]) with a strong moderation relationship between pain anticipation and avoidance when self-efficacy was medium (Beta = 0.44, = 3.24, = 0.002, [0.17, 0.72]) or high (Beta = 0.84, = 3.5, ≤ 0.001, [0.37, 1.33]). Self-efficacy was not significant respect to avoidance after treatment.
Self-efficacy is an important variable in endodontic therapy due to their moderating effect between pain anticipation and avoidance behavior during the procedure. It is necessary to improve the results of root canal therapy and reduce patient's avoidance in order to take into account this variable.
疼痛预期已被确定为牙髓治疗中疼痛和回避的预测指标。自我效能感也是健康行为的发展和维持以及实现患者对治疗的依从性的关键。然而，自我效能感在牙髓治疗中的作用尚未得到研究。
这项研究共纳入 101 名需要根管治疗的患者。他们在治疗前填写问卷，记录疼痛预期和自我效能感；在治疗过程中和治疗后，记录疼痛强度和回避行为。
疼痛预期解释了治疗过程中（Beta = 0.51， = 5.82， ≤ 0.001，[0.34，0.69]）和治疗后（Beta = 0.38， = 4.35， ≤ 0.001，[0.21，0.55]）的疼痛值。自我效能感对疼痛值没有影响。疼痛预期解释了治疗过程中（Beta = 0.51， = 3.60， ≤ 0.001，[0.23，0.80]）和治疗后（Beta = 0.62， = 4.29， ≤ 0.001，[0.33，0.91]）的回避行为。自我效能感在治疗过程中的回避行为中具有重要作用（Beta = 0.12， = 2.19， ≤ 0.03，[0.01，0.23]），当自我效能感处于中等水平（Beta = 0.44， = 3.24， = 0.002，[0.17，0.72]）或高水平（Beta = 0.84， = 3.5， ≤ 0.001，[0.37，1.33]）时，疼痛预期和回避行为之间存在显著的调节关系。自我效能感对治疗后回避行为无显著影响。
自我效能感是牙髓治疗中的一个重要变量，因为它在治疗过程中疼痛预期和回避行为之间具有调节作用。为了提高根管治疗的效果，减少患者的回避行为，有必要考虑这一变量。
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