Carbohydrate Chemistry Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
Molecules. 2022 Jan 25;27(3):787. doi: 10.3390/molecules27030787.
Schiff bases are a vast group of compounds characterized by the presence of a double bond linking carbon and nitrogen atoms, the versatility of which is generated in the many ways to combine a variety of alkyl or aryl substituents. Compounds of this type are both found in nature and synthesized in the laboratory. For years, Schiff bases have been greatly inspiring to many chemists and biochemists. In this article, we attempt to present a new take on this group of compounds, underlining of the importance of various types of Schiff bases. Among the different types of compounds that can be classified as Schiff bases, we chose hydrazides, dihydrazides, hydrazones and mixed derivatives such as hydrazide-hydrazones. For these compounds, we presented the elements of their structure that allow them to be classified as Schiff bases. While hydrazones are typical examples of Schiff bases, including hydrazides among them may be surprising for some. In their case, this is possible due to the amide-iminol tautomerism. The carbon-nitrogen double bond present in the iminol tautomer is a typical element found in Schiff bases. In addition to the characteristics of the structure of these selected derivatives, and sometimes their classification, we presented selected literature items which, in our opinion, represent their importance in various fields well.
席夫碱是一大类化合物，其特点是存在连接碳原子和氮原子的双键，这种多功能性是通过多种方式结合各种烷基或芳基取代基产生的。这类化合物既有天然存在的，也有在实验室合成的。多年来，席夫碱一直深受许多化学家和生物化学家的启发。在本文中，我们试图对这组化合物提出一个新的看法，强调各种类型的席夫碱的重要性。在可以归类为席夫碱的不同类型的化合物中，我们选择了酰肼、二酰肼、腙和混合衍生物，如酰肼-腙。对于这些化合物，我们介绍了它们结构中的元素，这些元素使它们能够被归类为席夫碱。虽然腙是典型的席夫碱，包括其中的酰肼可能对某些人来说有些惊讶。在它们的情况下，这是可能的，因为酰胺-亚氨基互变异构。在亚氨基互变异构体中存在的碳-氮双键是席夫碱中常见的典型元素。除了这些选定衍生物的结构特征，有时还有它们的分类，我们还介绍了一些选定的文献项目，我们认为这些项目很好地代表了它们在各个领域的重要性。
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