College of Medicine, Howard University, 20059 Washington, D.C., USA.
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 11956 Cairo, Egypt.
J Integr Neurosci. 2022 Jan 28;21(1):37. doi: 10.31083/j.jin2101037.
Botulinum toxin (BT) is a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium. Systemic human intoxication from BT following oral ingestion results in acute and life-threatening muscle paralysis called botulism. BT has a wide scope of therapeutic uses, including conditions associated with increased muscle tone, smooth muscle hyperactivity, salivation, sweating, and allergies, as well as for cosmetic purposes. Several commercial forms of BT are available for medical use, including Botox (onabotulinumtoxinA). Multiple studies have found evidence of an analgesic effect of onabotulinumtoxinA and demonstrated the benefits of its use for the treatment of various chronic pain disorders. In this review, we provide an update on the use of onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of headache disorders.
肉毒毒素（BT）是由梭状芽胞杆菌属产生的一种神经毒素，梭状芽胞杆菌属是一种革兰阳性厌氧细菌。人经口服摄入 BT 会导致全身中毒，从而引发急性和危及生命的肌肉瘫痪，即肉毒中毒。BT 在治疗方面具有广泛的用途，包括与肌肉张力增加、平滑肌过度活跃、唾液分泌、出汗和过敏相关的病症，以及美容用途。目前有多种商业形式的 BT 可供医疗使用，包括 Botox（注射用肉毒毒素 A）。多项研究已经发现注射用肉毒毒素 A 具有镇痛作用的证据，并证明了其在治疗各种慢性疼痛疾病方面的益处。在这篇综述中，我们提供了关于注射用肉毒毒素 A 治疗头痛疾病的最新使用情况。
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