Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Department of Chest Diseases, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
East Mediterr Health J. 2022 Jan 31;28(1):14-22. doi: 10.26719/emhj.22.006.
Sequelae from COVID-19 are increasingly being reported, but sleep disturbances after recovery from the disease have had little attention.
This study aimed to identify and compare sleep disturbances and associated correlates among adults who have recovered from COVID-19 with those who have never been infected with the disease.
The sample included 85 adults who have recovered from COVID-19 and 85 adults who have never been infected (matched on age, sex, education and socioeconomic level). Individuals were recruited from Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt from 1 September to 29 November 2020. Participants were interviewed using a sociodemographic and clinical checklist, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale.
Most (77%) of the recovered cases had experienced sleep disturbances, compared with 46% of controls. Individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 were more likely to have poor subjective sleep quality (odds ratio (OR) 1.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-2.1), prolonged sleep latency (OR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.6), shorter sleep duration (OR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.2), reduced sleep efficiency (OR 3.8, 95% CI: 2.0-7.1), frequent daytime dysfunction (OR 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-3.1) and poor global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (OR 3.0, 95% CI: 1.5-6.0). Depressive (P = 0.002) and anxiety (P = 0.003) symptoms were associated with a poor global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score among recovered female participants (P = 0,034) who had low-to-medium education level (P = 0.004).
Further studies (e.g. population-based longitudinal studies) are needed on sleep disturbances as a potential sequelae of COVID-19, because it can impair mental and physical well-being.
越来越多的人报告了 COVID-19 的后遗症，但人们对疾病康复后的睡眠障碍关注甚少。
本研究旨在识别和比较 COVID-19 康复患者与从未感染过该病的成年人的睡眠障碍及其相关因素。
该样本包括 85 名 COVID-19 康复患者和 85 名从未感染过 COVID-19 的成年人（按年龄、性别、教育程度和社会经济水平匹配）。参与者于 2020 年 9 月 1 日至 11 月 29 日期间从埃及宰加济格大学医院招募。使用社会人口学和临床检查表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和医院焦虑抑郁量表对患者进行访谈。
与对照组（46%）相比，大多数（77%）康复患者经历了睡眠障碍。与从未感染过 COVID-19 的患者相比，COVID-19 康复患者更有可能出现主观睡眠质量差（比值比 (OR) 1.5，95%置信区间 (CI)：1.1-2.1）、睡眠潜伏期延长（OR 1.8，95% CI：1.3-2.6）、睡眠时间缩短（OR 1.6，95% CI：1.1-2.2）、睡眠效率降低（OR 3.8，95% CI：2.0-7.1）、日间功能障碍频繁（OR 1.9，95% CI：1.2-3.1）和整体匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分差（OR 3.0，95% CI：1.5-6.0）。抑郁（P = 0.002）和焦虑（P = 0.003）症状与低至中等教育水平的女性康复患者（P = 0.034）整体匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分差相关。
需要进一步研究（例如，基于人群的纵向研究）COVID-19 后睡眠障碍作为潜在后遗症的问题，因为它会损害身心健康。
