探索提高大学生接种年度流感疫苗积极性的策略。
Exploring strategies to increase college students' motivation to receive their annual influenza vaccine.
机构信息
Division of Pharmacy, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Pharmacy at Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri, USA.
出版信息
J Am Coll Health. 2024 Jan;72(1):278-284. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2032092. Epub 2022 Feb 15.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate college students' awareness of an educational initiative to increase campus influenza vaccination rates and strategies to improve it.
PARTICIPANTS
Students attending a large public comprehensive university.
METHODS
An investigator-developed, online survey evaluated awareness of the initiative, the students' perception of incentives, and other motivations to receive seasonal influenza vaccine.
RESULTS
The vaccination rate was 43%, despite low awareness of the initiative (28%). Awareness was significantly higher among vaccinated students ( 0.0013). Having knowledge that appointments to receive vaccine were not needed increased the motivation of vaccinated students more than unvaccinated students ( = 0.0001). Personal influencers increased motivation of vaccinated students only when they were aware of the initiative ( = 0.04). Tangible incentives did not motivate students.
CONCLUSIONS
Campus vaccination rates increased despite low initiative awareness. Improvements to the initiative should include strategies to increase emphasis on vaccination program conveniences like accessibility and perhaps engage personal influencers more.
目的
评估大学生对提高校园流感疫苗接种率的教育计划的认识，以及改善该计划的策略。
参与者
参加大型公立综合性大学的学生。
方法
采用研究者开发的在线调查评估了学生对该计划的认识、对激励措施的看法以及其他接种季节性流感疫苗的动机。
结果
尽管该计划的知晓率较低（28%），但疫苗接种率仍为 43%。已接种疫苗的学生对该计划的知晓率明显更高（ 0.0013）。了解到无需预约即可接种疫苗，比未接种疫苗的学生更能激发已接种疫苗学生的积极性（ = 0.0001）。当已接种疫苗的学生了解该计划时，个人影响者会增加他们的积极性（ = 0.04）。有形激励对学生没有激励作用。
结论
尽管该计划的知晓率较低，但校园疫苗接种率仍有所上升。该计划的改进应包括强调接种计划的便利性，如可及性等策略，或许还可以更多地利用个人影响者。
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