Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Moscow, Russia.
Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol. 2022 Jun;337(5):434-439. doi: 10.1002/jez.2578. Epub 2022 Feb 15.
Many bivalve species are considered to be euryhaline organisms due to effective adaptation to fluctuations of environmental salinity. Cellular mechanisms responsible for tolerance to salinity changes remain unclear for bivalves despite this question being critically important for commercially cultured species frequently introduced into regions differing from natural habitat by salinity regime. In the present work laser diffraction method was used for the analysis of volume changes in hemoglobin-containing ark clam (Anadara kagoshimensis) hemocytes following hyposmotic stimulation. Hemocytes responded to hyposmotic shock (decrease of media osmolarity from 461 to 216 mОsm/L) by a rapid swelling up to 171.5 ± 15.2% of control level. At normal osmotic conditions (osmolarity 461 mOsm/L), hemocyte mean cellular volume (MCV) was 354.0 ± 24.4 fl and maximum MCV of hyposmotically swollen cells prior lysis was 555.5 ± 57.4 fl (at the osmolarity 194 mOsm/L). Ark clam hemocytes demonstrated volume recovery response following hyposmotic swelling. Regulatory volume decrease (RVD) reaction did not depend on hemoglobin confirmation status. Final MCV of swollen hemocytes at the end of experimental period of RVD in oxygenated and deoxygenated suspensions did not significantly differ.
许多双壳类物种被认为是广盐性生物，因为它们能够有效地适应环境盐度的波动。尽管这个问题对于经常被引入与自然栖息地盐度制度不同的地区的商业养殖物种来说至关重要，但双壳类动物对盐度变化的耐受机制仍不清楚。在本工作中，使用激光衍射法分析了低盐刺激后含血红蛋白的扁玉螺（Anadara kagoshimensis）血细胞的体积变化。血细胞对低渗冲击（培养基渗透压从 461 毫渗摩尔/升降至 216 毫渗摩尔/升）的反应是迅速肿胀，达到对照水平的 171.5±15.2%。在正常渗透压条件下（渗透压 461 毫渗摩尔/升），血细胞的平均细胞体积（MCV）为 354.0±24.4 立方毫微米，低渗肿胀细胞在裂解前的最大 MCV 为 555.5±57.4 立方毫微米（渗透压 194 毫渗摩尔/升）。扁玉螺血细胞在低渗肿胀后表现出体积恢复反应。调节性体积减少（RVD）反应不依赖于血红蛋白的存在状态。在充氧和脱氧悬浮液中 RVD 实验期间结束时肿胀血细胞的最终 MCV 没有显著差异。
