ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India.
Planta. 2022 Feb 15;255(3):68. doi: 10.1007/s00425-022-03845-y.
The present review gives an insight into the salinity stress tolerance responses and mechanisms of underground vegetable crops. Phytoprotectants, agronomic practices, biofertilizers, and modern biotechnological approaches are crucial for salinity stress management. Underground vegetables are the source of healthy carbohydrates, resistant starch, antioxidants, vitamins, mineral, and nutrients which benefit human health. Soil salinity is a serious threat to agriculture that severely affects the growth, development, and productivity of underground vegetable crops. Salt stress induces several morphological, anatomical, physiological, and biochemical changes in crop plants which include reduction in plant height, leaf area, and biomass. Also, salinity stress impedes the growth of the underground organs, which ultimately reduces crop yield. Moreover, salt stress is detrimental to photosynthesis, membrane integrity, nutrient balance, and leaf water content. Salt tolerance mechanisms involve a complex interplay of several genes, transcription factors, and proteins that are involved in the salinity tolerance mechanism in underground crops. Besides, a coordinated interaction between several phytoprotectants, phytohormones, antioxidants, and microbes is needed. So far, a comprehensive review of salinity tolerance responses and mechanisms in underground vegetables is not available. This review aims to provide a comprehensive view of salt stress effects on underground vegetable crops at different levels of biological organization and discuss the underlying salt tolerance mechanisms. Also, the role of multi-omics in dissecting gene and protein regulatory networks involved in salt tolerance mechanisms is highlighted, which can potentially help in breeding salt-tolerant underground vegetable crops.
本综述深入探讨了地下蔬菜作物的耐盐性响应和机制。植物保护剂、农业实践、生物肥料和现代生物技术方法对于盐胁迫管理至关重要。地下蔬菜是健康碳水化合物、抗性淀粉、抗氧化剂、维生素、矿物质和营养物质的来源，这些物质有益于人类健康。土壤盐度是农业的严重威胁，严重影响地下蔬菜作物的生长、发育和生产力。盐胁迫会诱导作物植物发生多种形态、解剖、生理和生化变化，包括植物高度、叶面积和生物量的减少。此外，盐胁迫会阻碍地下器官的生长，最终降低作物产量。此外，盐胁迫对光合作用、膜完整性、养分平衡和叶片含水量都有不利影响。盐耐受性机制涉及到涉及到许多基因、转录因子和蛋白质的复杂相互作用，这些基因、转录因子和蛋白质参与了地下作物的耐盐机制。此外，需要多种植物保护剂、植物激素、抗氧化剂和微生物之间的协调相互作用。到目前为止，还没有关于地下蔬菜耐盐性响应和机制的全面综述。本综述旨在提供一个全面的视角，探讨盐胁迫对不同水平生物组织的地下蔬菜作物的影响，并讨论潜在的耐盐机制。此外，还强调了多组学在解析涉及盐耐受机制的基因和蛋白质调控网络中的作用，这可能有助于培育耐盐性地下蔬菜作物。
