Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Av. 24A, 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
Centro de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Av. 24A, 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2022 Feb 11;94(suppl 1):e20210234. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210234. eCollection 2022.
Antarctica has one of the most hostile conditions on the planet. The environmental characteristics found in this region favor the development of extremophile microorganisms, which are poorly explored biotechnologically. In this context, this study aimed at selectively isolating fungi with potential for the bioremediation of a textile dye. A total of 11 filamentous fungi were isolated from Antarctic samples after incubation in Minimal Mineral medium with the addition of Sulphur Indigo Blue dye. The Antarctic-derived fungi were submitted to textile dye decolorization analysis and biomass production. Isolates LAMAI 2400 and LAMAI 2402 showed more than 90% of decolorization at 15 °C, whereas at 28 °C these isolates showed 81.86 and 98.89%, respectively. In general, the toxicity of the bioassays, evaluated using Cucumis sativus, was higher than in the control. Both isolates, LAMAI 2400 and LAMAI 2402, were identified as Penicillium cf. oxalicum and classified as mesophilic-psychrotolerant. This fungal species has rarely been reported in the Antarctic environments. The results presented herein indicate the potential of the fungi recovered from Antarctic marine sediments for bioremediation of textile dyes at low and moderate temperatures, broadening the perspectives in the field of Antarctic mycology.
南极洲是地球上条件最恶劣的地区之一。该地区的环境特征有利于极端微生物的生长，这些微生物在生物技术方面的研究还很不完善。在这种背景下，本研究旨在从南极样本中选择性地分离出具有生物修复纺织染料潜力的真菌。在添加了硫化靛蓝染料的最小矿物培养基中培养后，从南极样本中总共分离出 11 株丝状真菌。南极来源的真菌进行了纺织染料脱色分析和生物量生产。分离株 LAMAI 2400 和 LAMAI 2402 在 15°C 时的脱色率超过 90%，而在 28°C 时，这两个分离株的脱色率分别为 81.86%和 98.89%。通常情况下，使用黄瓜进行的生物测定毒性高于对照。分离株 LAMAI 2400 和 LAMAI 2402 均被鉴定为拟青霉 cf. 草酸青霉，属于中温-耐冷菌。这种真菌在南极环境中很少有报道。本文的结果表明，从南极海洋沉积物中回收的真菌具有在低温和中温下生物修复纺织染料的潜力，拓宽了南极真菌学领域的前景。
