Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
Augusta Victoria Hospital, The Lutheran World Federation, East Jerusalem, Palestine.
J Nutr. 2022 May 5;152(5):1298-1305. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxac032.
The associations between specific types of fat and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) recurrence and mortality rates have not yet been examined.
The purpose of this study was to determine how intakes of various fat subtypes before cancer treatment are associated with recurrence and mortality in adults diagnosed with HNSCC.
This was a secondary analysis longitudinal cohort study of data collected from 476 newly diagnosed patients with HNSCC. Patients completed baseline FFQs and epidemiologic health surveys. Recurrence and mortality events were collected annually. Fat intakes examined included long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), unsaturated fatty acids (FAs), PUFAs, ω-3 (n-3) PUFAs, ω-6 (n-6) PUFAs, MUFAs, animal fats, vegetable fats, saturated FAs, and trans fats. Associations between fat intake (categorized into tertiles) and time to event were tested using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, human papillomavirus status, tumor site, cancer stage, and total caloric intake. Intake of fats was compared with the lowest tertile.
During the study period, there were 115 recurrent and 211 death events. High LCFA intake was associated with a reduced all-cause mortality risk (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.91; P-trend = 0.02). High unsaturated FA intake was associated with a reduced all-cause mortality risk (HR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.97; P-trend = 0.04) and HNSCC-specific mortality risk (HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.90; P-trend = 0.02). High intakes of ω-3 PUFAs (HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.91; P-trend = 0.02) and ω-6 PUFAs (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.94; P-trend = 0.02) were significantly associated with a reduced all-cause mortality risk. There were no significant associations between other fat types and recurrence or mortality risk.
In this prospective survival cohort of 476 newly diagnosed patients with HNSCC, our data suggest that HNSCC prognosis may vary depending on the fat types consumed before cancer treatment. Clinical intervention trials should test these associations.
特定类型的脂肪与头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）复发和死亡率之间的关联尚未得到研究。
本研究的目的是确定癌症治疗前各种脂肪亚类的摄入量与成年人 HNSCC 复发和死亡率之间的关系。
这是对 476 名新诊断为 HNSCC 的患者数据进行的二次分析纵向队列研究。患者完成基线 FFQ 和流行病学健康调查。每年收集复发和死亡事件。检查的脂肪摄入量包括长链脂肪酸（LCFAs）、不饱和脂肪酸（FAs）、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）、ω-3（n-3）PUFAs、ω-6（n-6）PUFAs、MUFA、动物脂肪、植物脂肪、饱和 FAs 和反式脂肪。使用多变量 Cox 比例风险模型测试脂肪摄入量（分为三分位数）与时间事件之间的关联，调整年龄、性别、吸烟状况、人乳头瘤病毒状况、肿瘤部位、癌症分期和总热量摄入。与最低三分位数相比，摄入脂肪。
在研究期间，有 115 例复发和 211 例死亡事件。高 LCFA 摄入量与全因死亡率降低相关（HR：0.55；95%CI：0.34，0.91；P 趋势=0.02）。高不饱和 FA 摄入量与全因死亡率降低相关（HR：0.62；95%CI：0.40，0.97；P 趋势=0.04）和 HNSCC 特异性死亡率降低相关（HR：0.51；95%CI：0.29，0.90；P 趋势=0.02）。ω-3 PUFAs（HR：0.56；95%CI：0.35，0.91；P 趋势=0.02）和 ω-6 PUFAs（HR：0.57；95%CI：0.34，0.94；P 趋势=0.02）的高摄入量与全因死亡率降低显著相关。其他脂肪类型与复发或死亡率风险之间没有显著关联。
在这项对 476 名新诊断为 HNSCC 的患者进行的前瞻性生存队列研究中，我们的数据表明，HNSCC 的预后可能因癌症治疗前消耗的脂肪类型而异。临床干预试验应检验这些关联。
