Public Health Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar.
General Authority of Healthcare, Ismailia, Egypt.
BMJ Open. 2022 Feb 16;12(2):e052607. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052607.
This study examines the levels of knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards diabetes among Qatar nationals and long-term residents and its association with participants' selected demographics.
A cross-sectional study conducted in public areas in all the eight municipalities of Qatar from July to October 2018.
2400 participants from the general public (nationals and long-term residents) stratified by gender, age and nationality across all geographic locations in Qatar.
Responses were scored from 0% to 100% and KAP scores were classified as low (0%-49%), intermediate (50%-74%) or high (75%-100%). Analyses and comparisons were performed using descriptive statistics and χ test at 5% level.
Most participants (54%) had an intermediate overall KAP score, 43% had a low score and only 3% had a high score. The knowledge scores were the lowest among participants, 69% had low, 29% had intermediate and only 2% had high scores. Participants scored better in attitude and practice; the percentages of participants who scored high, intermediate and low were 32%, 55% and 13% for attitude, and 37%, 33% and 30% for practice, respectively. Except for age, level of knowledge significantly varied by gender, nationality and diabetes-related diagnosis (p<0.001); attitude and practice levels differed significantly in all four factors. Areas where participants were deficient include: diabetes types, risk factors, signs and symptoms, complications, recommended daily exercise, normal fasting glucose level, preventive measures, management and control and understanding about complexity of diabetes.
Participants generally have intermediate levels of positive attitudes and practices towards diabetes but low knowledge in diabetes-related factors. The data suggest that future communications should focus on educating the public and conduct mass campaigns about diabetes to improve knowledge especially targeting men and women, and both nationals and expatriates.
本研究调查了卡塔尔国民和长期居民对糖尿病的知识、态度和实践（KAP）水平，并分析了这些因素与参与者的一些人口统计学特征之间的关系。
2018 年 7 月至 10 月，在卡塔尔的八个城市的公共场所进行了一项横断面研究。
来自卡塔尔各地不同性别、年龄和国籍的 2400 名公众（包括国民和长期居民）。
将回答结果从 0%到 100%进行评分，将 KAP 评分分为低（0%-49%）、中（50%-74%）或高（75%-100%）。在 5%的水平上，采用描述性统计和 χ 检验进行分析和比较。
大多数参与者（54%）的总体 KAP 评分处于中等水平，43%的参与者评分较低，只有 3%的参与者评分较高。参与者的知识得分最低，69%的参与者得分较低，29%的参与者得分中等，只有 2%的参与者得分较高。参与者在态度和实践方面的得分较好，得分较高、中等和较低的参与者比例分别为 32%、55%和 13%，分别为态度，37%、33%和 30%，分别为实践。除了年龄，知识水平在性别、国籍和与糖尿病相关的诊断方面有显著差异（p<0.001）；态度和实践水平在所有四个因素中均有显著差异。参与者知识不足的领域包括：糖尿病类型、危险因素、体征和症状、并发症、推荐的日常运动量、正常空腹血糖水平、预防措施、管理和控制以及对糖尿病复杂性的理解。
参与者对糖尿病的态度和实践普遍处于中等水平，但对与糖尿病相关的因素的知识水平较低。数据表明，未来的沟通应重点教育公众，并开展关于糖尿病的大规模宣传活动，以提高知识水平，特别是针对男性和女性、以及国民和侨民。
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