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职业足球队的累积周负荷:特别提及比赛上场时间和比赛位置

Accumulative weekly load in a professional football team: with special reference to match playing time and game position.

作者信息

Casamichana David, Martín-García Andrés, Díaz Antonio Gómez, Bradley Paul S, Castellano Julen

机构信息

Atlantic European University. Santander, Spain.

Real Sociedad Sports Performance Department, San Sebastian, Spain.

出版信息

Biol Sport. 2022 Jan;39(1):115-124. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.102924. Epub 2021 Mar 4.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare weekly accumulative load during the in-season competitive period by professional soccer players according to the amount of time played in official matches (90-min, >60-min, <60-min, and 0-min) regarding the players' position. Twenty-four professional outfield football players were monitored by GPS devices during training sessions and official matches and the accumulative weekly load were calculated for the following external load variables: total distance (TD; m), high speed running (HSR; >19.8 km·h), sprint meters (SPR; >25.2 km·h), high metabolic load distance (HMLD; >25.5 W·kg), number of accelerations (ACC; >3 m·s) and decelerations (DEC; <-3 m·s). This study revealed that players (as a whole o per demarcation) with more match playing time had a higher accumulative weekly load for most of the variables, but particularly at TD and HMLD (90-min and >60-min vs. <60-min and 0-min), HSR (90-min vs. <60-min and 0-min) and SPR (90-min vs. <60-min and 0-min). In addition, less positional variation was observed in relation to the competition requirements. This information would allow coaches to refine the required load with the objective of optimizing performance to soccer players.

摘要

本研究的目的是根据职业足球运动员在正式比赛中的上场时间(90分钟、>60分钟、<60分钟和0分钟),比较赛季中竞争期内按球员位置划分的每周累积负荷。在训练课和正式比赛期间,通过GPS设备对24名职业外场足球运动员进行监测,并针对以下外部负荷变量计算每周累积负荷:总距离(TD;米)、高速奔跑(HSR;>19.8公里·小时)、冲刺距离(SPR;>25.2公里·小时)、高代谢负荷距离(HMLD;>25.5瓦·千克)、加速次数(ACC;>3米·秒)和减速次数(DEC;<-3米·秒)。本研究表明,比赛上场时间较多的球员(总体或按位置划分)在大多数变量上每周累积负荷较高,尤其是在总距离和高代谢负荷距离方面(90分钟和>60分钟组与<60分钟和0分钟组相比)、高速奔跑方面(90分钟组与<60分钟和0分钟组相比)以及冲刺距离方面(90分钟组与<60分钟和0分钟组相比)。此外,与比赛要求相关的位置变化较少。这些信息将使教练能够优化所需负荷,以达到优化足球运动员表现的目的。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c85e/8805368/7db336999d94/JBS-39-102924-g001.jpg

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