Independent Researcher, Luzern, Switzerland.
TSG ResearchLab gGmbH, Zuzenhausen, Germany.
PLoS One. 2023 Sep 1;18(9):e0286372. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286372. eCollection 2023.
Despite load monitoring being considered an integral part of targeted performance management, including injury and illness prevention, there is currently no consensus of an effective monitoring system in professional soccer. Thus, the aims were to apply an integrative load monitoring approach, previously established in rink-hockey, in professional soccer; extend this approach with further data (Short Recovery and Stress Scale); assess this (extended) approach, thereby further evaluating the relationship between the used external load (EL) measures (total distance, distance above 55% and 70% of individual maximal speed, number of accelerations and decelerations > 4 m/s2, total loading) and the internal load (IL) measure session rate of perceived exertion training load (sRPE-TL) as well as between the used EL measures and sRPE. This retrospective observational cohort study analyzed data from a Swiss team collected over a 14 week-period during the 2021/22 season. Based on our findings, the integrative approach tested proved to be an applicable load monitoring tool in professional soccer, placing players on a fitness-fatigue continuum throughout the different microcycle sessions without using tests, thus providing relevant information to individually tailor training programs. sRPE-TL (ρ [95% CI] = .55 [.51 to .59] to .87 [.85 to .88]; all p < .001) better reflected the EL experienced by players than sRPE (ρ [95% CI] = .45 [.40 to .50] to .71 [.69 to .75]; all p < .001) supporting the definition of sRPE-TL as a measure of IL. However, for even stronger relevance of the tested tool, further research is warranted, especially to ascertain its sensitivity and determine an optimal selection of EL and IL measures. In sum, the present data clearly demonstrate the importance of load management taking place at an individual level, even within team structures, thereby analyzing a set of both EL and IL measures.
尽管负荷监测被认为是目标绩效管理（包括伤病预防）的一个组成部分，但目前在职业足球中还没有达成共识的有效监测系统。因此，本研究旨在应用 rink-hockey 中已建立的综合负荷监测方法于职业足球中；并进一步扩展该方法，纳入更多数据（短时间恢复和应激量表）；评估该（扩展）方法，从而进一步评估所使用的外部负荷（EL）测量（总距离、高于个体最大速度的 55%和 70%的距离、加速和减速次数>4m/s2、总负荷）与内部负荷（IL）测量训练负荷感知评估（sRPE-TL）之间的关系，以及所使用的 EL 测量与 sRPE 之间的关系。本回顾性观察队列研究分析了 2021/22 赛季期间瑞士队在 14 周内收集的数据。基于我们的研究结果，所测试的综合方法被证明是职业足球中一种可行的负荷监测工具，它在不同的微周期中，在不使用测试的情况下，将运动员置于一个适应-疲劳连续体中，从而提供了相关信息，以根据个人情况定制训练计划。sRPE-TL（ρ[95%CI] =.55[.51 至.59]至.87[.85 至.88]；所有 p<0.001）比 sRPE（ρ[95%CI] =.45[.40 至.50]至.71[.69 至.75]；所有 p<0.001）更能反映运动员所经历的 EL，支持将 sRPE-TL 定义为 IL 测量。然而，为了使所测试的工具更具相关性，还需要进一步的研究，特别是确定其敏感性，并确定 EL 和 IL 测量的最佳选择。总之，目前的数据清楚地表明了在个体层面上进行负荷管理的重要性，即使在团队结构中也是如此，从而分析了一组 EL 和 IL 测量。
