Centre National de Référence Risques Infectieux Transfusionnels, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
CNR Risques Infectieux Transfusionnels, Laboratoire de virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
Blood Transfus. 2022 Sep;20(5):362-373. doi: 10.2450/2022.0266-21. Epub 2022 Jan 21.
There is growing evidence to support the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 is probably not transmissible by blood transfusion. In this study, we use the data gathered over one year by the French haemovigilance network on post-donation information related to SARS-CoV-2, and virological investigations on corresponding plasma to explore viral transmission by transfusion.
Whenever a donor reported COVID-19 symptoms and/or a positive SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal (NP) PCR test, information regarding diagnosis and symptoms was collected using a specific questionnaire, and repository plasmas were screened using the SARS-COV-2 R-GENE assay (Biomérieux). RNA sequencing (Sanger and deep sequencing) and virus isolation on Vero E6 cells were applied in plasma from donors testing positive.
We investigated 1,092 SARS-CoV-2-related post-donation information (PDI) reports. PDI donors were younger than the global donor population and donated more often in the Paris region. Sixty-eight percent reported a positive NP real-time (RT)-PCR or antigenic testing and 22% of these also had symptoms at the time of testing. Thirty-seven (3.4%) donations tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, 11 (30%) were confirmed by another molecular assay, and 7 (19%) by sequencing, confirming low viral level. Most RNAemic blood donors donated in southern regions and in Paris. There was no difference in demographic data or duration parameter between RNAemic and non-RNAemic donors. Duration parameter was determined as the time elapsed between donation and: i) the onset of symptoms; ii) a positive NP RT-PCR; and iii) PDI. Cell culture experiments did not show any infectivity related to RNAemic plasmas.
SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in a small fraction of blood donors with PDI, reporting very low levels of RNA. The corresponding plasma is probably not infectious. These findings highlight the value of haemovigilance and PDI to guide blood safety strategies.
越来越多的证据支持这样一种假设，即 SARS-CoV-2 可能不会通过输血传播。在这项研究中，我们利用法国血液监测网络在过去一年中收集的与 SARS-CoV-2 相关的捐后信息以及对相应血浆的病毒学调查数据，来探索通过输血传播病毒的可能性。
每当供者报告 COVID-19 症状和/或 SARS-CoV-2 鼻咽（NP）PCR 检测阳性时，我们使用特定的问卷收集有关诊断和症状的信息，并使用 SARS-COV-2 R-GENE 检测（生物梅里埃）对储存的血浆进行筛查。对供者检测阳性的血浆进行 RNA 测序（Sanger 和深度测序）和在 Vero E6 细胞上的病毒分离。
我们调查了 1092 例与 SARS-CoV-2 相关的捐后信息（PDI）报告。PDI 供者比全球供者人群年轻，并且更常捐献于巴黎地区。68%的供者报告了 NP 实时（RT）-PCR 或抗原检测阳性，其中 22%的供者在检测时还有症状。37（3.4%）份捐献物的 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 检测阳性，其中 11 份（30%）通过另一种分子检测确认，7 份（19%）通过测序确认，证实病毒水平较低。大多数 RNA 血症供者捐献于南部地区和巴黎。RNA 血症和非 RNA 血症供者的人口统计学数据或持续时间参数无差异。持续时间参数定义为从捐献到以下时间的时间间隔：i）症状发作；ii）NP RT-PCR 阳性；iii）PDI。细胞培养实验未显示与 RNA 血症血浆相关的任何感染性。
在报告 SARS-CoV-2 低水平 RNA 的 PDI 供者中，可检测到 SARS-CoV-2 RNA。相应的血浆可能没有感染性。这些发现突出了血液监测和 PDI 在指导血液安全策略方面的价值。
