Gorelick P B
Nurs Clin North Am. 1986 Jun;21(2):275-88.
Cerebrovascular disease is a heterogeneous group of disorders which are set apart from one another by their unique pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical manifestations. When classified in this manner, stroke is divided into two major categories: hemorrhagic stroke--which results from rupture of a cerebral blood vessel into the subarachnoid space (subarachnoid hemorrhage) or brain parenchyma (intraparenchymal hemorrhage); and ischemic stroke--which results from occlusion of a cerebral artery due to degenerative vessel wall disease (atherosclerosis or lipohyalinosis) or emboli. Early recognition of the specific stroke types promises to lead to more effective diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular disease.
脑血管疾病是一组异质性疾病，它们通过独特的病理生理机制和临床表现相互区分。按这种方式分类时，中风分为两大类：出血性中风，即脑血管破裂进入蛛网膜下腔（蛛网膜下腔出血）或脑实质（脑实质内出血）导致的中风；缺血性中风，即由于退行性血管壁疾病（动脉粥样硬化或脂质透明变性）或栓子导致脑动脉闭塞引起的中风。早期识别特定的中风类型有望带来更有效的脑血管疾病诊断和治疗。
