Department of Animal Production and Technology, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag, 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2022 Feb 18;54(2):106. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03062-5.
Sesamum indicum (sesame) is a small seed legume, which is of nutritional and medicinal value to livestock. Sesame is a legume with positive attributes that include drought tolerance (owing to its extensive rooting system), low input demand for growth, and reduction of soil nematodes (in crop rotation systems). Attention in research has been shifted towards usage of sesame as human food to exploitation as livestock feed because of its high levels in crude protein (CP), minerals, amino acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). However, it is underutilized as a livestock feed resource in Southern Africa. In recent years, there has been increasing interest to cultivate the crop in Southern African countries through non-governmental organizations (NGOs) initiatives. The focus of such initiatives has been mainly production without value addition of the seed. At present in Southern Africa, widespread adoption of feeding strategies based on sesame has been restricted mainly due to lack of knowledge on production, marketing and value addition, availability of the seed, and technology adoption. Technology adoption is often limited specifically when oil extraction is considered, where by-products such as the meal are useful in animal production. This paper reviews the potential use of sesame to improve growth rates, feed intake, carcass qualities, meat quality, milk quality, milk yield, and blood metabolite levels of small ruminants. Production potential, economic feasibility, and strategies of using sesame in small-ruminant feeding programs are also outlined.
芝麻（Sesamum indicum）是一种小的豆科种子，对家畜具有营养价值和药用价值。芝麻是一种具有积极属性的豆科植物，包括耐旱性（由于其广泛的根系系统）、生长对投入的低需求以及减少土壤线虫（在轮作系统中）。由于其粗蛋白 (CP)、矿物质、氨基酸和多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 的含量较高，人们对将芝麻作为人类食物的使用的关注已转向作为家畜饲料的开发。然而，芝麻在南部非洲作为家畜饲料资源的利用率较低。近年来，通过非政府组织 (NGO) 的倡议，在南部非洲国家中种植该作物的兴趣日益增加。这些倡议的重点主要是在没有对种子进行增值的情况下进行生产。目前，在南部非洲，由于缺乏生产、营销和增值、种子的可用性以及技术采用方面的知识，基于芝麻的饲养策略的广泛采用受到限制。在考虑提取油时，技术的采用往往受到限制，因为副产物如麻饼在动物生产中很有用。本文综述了芝麻在提高小反刍动物生长速度、饲料采食量、胴体质量、肉质、牛奶质量、牛奶产量和血液代谢物水平方面的潜在用途。还概述了芝麻在小反刍动物饲养计划中的生产潜力、经济可行性和使用策略。
