Chang Rui, Zou Qianli, Zhao Luyang, Liu Yamei, Xing Ruirui, Yan Xuehai
State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Adv Mater. 2022 Apr;34(16):e2200139. doi: 10.1002/adma.202200139. Epub 2022 Mar 13.
Photothermal nanomedicine based on self-assembly of biological components, with excellent biosafety and customized performance, is vital significance for precision cancer therapy. However, the programmable design of photothermal nanomedicine remains extremely challenging due to the vulnerability and variability of noncovalent interactions governing supramolecular self-assembly. Herein, it is reported that amino acid encoding is a facile and potent means to design and construct supramolecular photothermal nanodrugs with controlled therapeutic activities. It is found that the amount and type of amino acid dominates the assembled nanostructures, structural stability, energy-conversion pathway, and therapeutic mechanism of the resulting nanodrugs. Two optimized nanodrugs are endowed with robust structural integrity against disassembly along with high photothermal conversion efficiency, efficient cellular internalization, and enhanced tumor accumulation, which result in more efficient tumor ablation. This work demonstrates that design based on amino acid encoding offers an unprecedented opportunity for the construction of remarkable photoactive nanomedicines toward cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.
基于生物成分自组装的光热纳米药物具有出色的生物安全性和定制性能，对精准癌症治疗具有至关重要的意义。然而，由于控制超分子自组装的非共价相互作用的脆弱性和变异性，光热纳米药物的可编程设计仍然极具挑战性。在此，有报道称氨基酸编码是设计和构建具有可控治疗活性的超分子光热纳米药物的一种简便而有效的方法。研究发现，氨基酸的数量和类型主导着组装的纳米结构、结构稳定性、能量转换途径以及所得纳米药物的治疗机制。两种优化后的纳米药物具有抗拆解的强大结构完整性，同时具备高光热转换效率、高效的细胞内化能力以及增强的肿瘤蓄积能力，从而实现更高效的肿瘤消融。这项工作表明，基于氨基酸编码的设计为构建用于癌症诊断和治疗的卓越光活性纳米药物提供了前所未有的机会。
