Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, P. R. China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2023 Feb;12(4):e2202307. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202202307. Epub 2022 Nov 24.
Safe and effective strategies are urgently needed to fight against the life-threatening diseases of various cancers. However, traditional therapeutic modalities, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, exhibit suboptimal efficacy for malignant tumors owing to the serious side effects, drug resistance and even relapse. Phototherapies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), are emerging therapeutic strategies for localized tumor inhibition, which can produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or elevate the temperature to initiate cell death by non-invasive irradiation. In consideration of the poor bioavailability of phototherapy agents (PTAs), lots of drug delivery systems have been developed to enhance the tumor targeted delivery. Nevertheless, the carriers of drug delivery systems inevitably bring biosafety concerns on account of their metabolism, degradation, and accumulation. Of note, carrier-free nanomedicine attracts great attention for clinical translation with synergistic antitumor effect, which is characterized by high drug loading, simplified synthetic method and good biocompatibility. In this review, the latest advances of phototherapy with various carrier-free nanomedicines are summarized, which may provide a new paradigm for the future development of nanomedicine and tumor precision therapy.
安全有效的策略迫切需要对抗各种癌症的致命疾病。然而，由于严重的副作用、耐药性甚至复发，放射治疗、化学疗法和手术等传统治疗方法对恶性肿瘤的疗效并不理想。光疗，包括光动力疗法 (PDT) 和光热疗法 (PTT)，是局部肿瘤抑制的新兴治疗策略，它可以通过非侵入性照射产生大量活性氧 (ROS) 或升高温度引发细胞死亡。考虑到光疗剂 (PTA) 的生物利用度差，已经开发了许多药物传递系统来增强肿瘤靶向递送。然而，由于其代谢、降解和积累，药物传递系统的载体不可避免地带来了生物安全问题。值得注意的是，无载体纳米医学以其高载药量、简化的合成方法和良好的生物相容性为特点，具有协同抗肿瘤作用，引起了临床转化的极大关注。本综述总结了各种无载体纳米医学的光疗最新进展，这可能为纳米医学和肿瘤精准治疗的未来发展提供新的范例。
