Snoeijs-Leijonmalm Pauline, Flores Hauke, Sakinan Serdar, Hildebrandt Nicole, Svenson Anders, Castellani Giulia, Vane Kim, Mark Felix C, Heuzé Céline, Tippenhauer Sandra, Niehoff Barbara, Hjelm Joakim, Hentati Sundberg Jonas, Schaafsma Fokje L, Engelmann Ronny
Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
Sci Adv. 2022 Feb 18;8(7):eabj7536. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abj7536.
The retreating ice cover of the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) fuels speculations on future fisheries. However, very little is known about the existence of harvestable fish stocks in this 3.3 million-square kilometer ecosystem around the North Pole. Crossing the Eurasian Basin, we documented an uninterrupted 3170-kilometer-long deep scattering layer (DSL) with zooplankton and small fish in the Atlantic water layer at 100- to 500-meter depth. Diel vertical migration of this central Arctic DSL was lacking most of the year when daily light variation was absent. Unexpectedly, the DSL also contained low abundances of Atlantic cod, along with lanternfish, armhook squid, and Arctic endemic ice cod. The Atlantic cod originated from Norwegian spawning grounds and had lived in Arctic water temperature for up to 6 years. The potential fish abundance was far below commercially sustainable levels and is expected to remain so because of the low productivity of the CAO.
北冰洋中部（CAO）不断退缩的冰盖引发了人们对未来渔业的猜测。然而，对于这个环绕北极、面积达330万平方公里的生态系统中是否存在可捕捞鱼类种群，我们却知之甚少。我们穿越欧亚海盆，记录到在深度为100至500米的大西洋水层中，存在一个绵延3170公里、不间断的深散射层（DSL），其中有浮游动物和小鱼。由于一年中大部分时间日照变化不明显，北极中部DSL全年大部分时间都缺乏昼夜垂直迁移现象。出乎意料的是，DSL中还存在少量的大西洋鳕鱼，以及灯笼鱼、臂钩乌贼和北极特有的冰鳕鱼。这些大西洋鳕鱼起源于挪威产卵地，在北极水温环境中已生活了长达6年。潜在的鱼类数量远低于商业可持续水平，而且由于北冰洋中部生产力低下，预计这种情况仍将持续。
