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生物炼制方法下香蕉废料增值策略的环境比较。

Environmental comparison of banana waste valorisation strategies under a biorefinery approach.

机构信息

CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

出版信息

Waste Manag. 2022 Apr 1;142:77-87. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.02.005. Epub 2022 Feb 15.

Abstract

Banana wastes can be valorised in bioethanol due to its high content in cellulose (more than 30% of total on a dry basis) and hemicelluloses (25% of total). Large amount of these wastes is generated during the banana cultivation and harvesting stage. This study proposes the use of, beside conventional acid sulphuric, different organic acids (tartaric, oxalic and citric) during acid pretreatment step, to suppress the unwanted compounds formation and improve bioethanol production. Instead, bioethanol production generates a solid waste flow that is managed in an anaerobic digestion plant, obtaining biogas, to be converted into energy, and digestate, considered as a potential biofertiliser. Life cycle assessment methodology is used to analyse the environmental profiles of four valorisation scenarios to produce bioethanol from banana peel waste. According to the results, reported per kilogram of bioethanol, the citric acid-based scenario has the worst environmental profile due to the background processes involved in the acid production (around 55% for most impact categories). Conversely, the oxalic acid-based scenario has the best environmental profile, with a decrease of around 20% and 35%, depending on the impact category, compared to the citric acid scenario. The energy requirements production (mostly thermal energy) is the main hotspot in numerous subsystems regardless of the scenario (ranging from 30% to 50% depending on the impact category). Therefore, the use of renewable energy sources to satisfy energy requirements combined with an energy optimisation of the valorisation strategies through the reuse of some internal steams, is proposed as improvement activities.

摘要

香蕉废料因其纤维素含量高(干基超过 30%)和半纤维素含量高(总含量的 25%),可用于生物乙醇的增值利用。在香蕉种植和收获阶段会产生大量的这些废物。本研究提出在酸预处理步骤中使用除传统硫酸以外的不同有机酸(酒石酸、草酸和柠檬酸),以抑制不需要的化合物的形成并提高生物乙醇的产量。相反,生物乙醇生产会产生一种固体废物流,这些废物会在厌氧消化厂中进行管理,产生沼气,以转化为能源,以及消化物,被认为是一种潜在的生物肥料。生命周期评估方法用于分析从香蕉皮废物生产生物乙醇的四个增值方案的环境概况。根据结果,每公斤生物乙醇报告,柠檬酸基方案由于涉及的酸生产背景过程(大多数影响类别约为 55%)而具有最差的环境概况。相反,基于草酸的方案具有最佳的环境概况,与柠檬酸方案相比,在某些影响类别下减少了约 20%和 35%。能源需求生产(主要是热能)是许多子系统的主要热点,无论方案如何(取决于影响类别,范围从 30%到 50%)。因此,建议使用可再生能源来满足能源需求,并通过一些内部蒸汽的再利用来优化增值策略的能源,以提高能源效率。

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