Arake Masashi, Ohta Hiroyuki, Tsuruhara Aki, Kobayashi Yasushi, Shinomiya Nariyoshi, Masaki Hiroaki, Morimoto Yuji
Department of Physiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
Aeromedical Laboratory, Japan Air Self-Defense Force, Sayama, Japan.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2022 Feb 2;16:779926. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.779926. eCollection 2022.
Measurement of event-related potentials (ERPs) in simulated and real environments is advantageous for understanding cognition and behavior during practice of goal-directed activities. Recently, instead of using task-irrelevant "probe stimuli" to elicit ERPs, extraction of ERPs directly from events that occur in simulated and real environments has drawn increased attention. Among the previous ERP studies using immersive virtual reality, only a few cases elicited ERPs from task-related events in dynamic task settings. Furthermore, as far as we surveyed, there were no studies that examined the source of ERPs or correlation between ERPs and behavioral performance in 360-degree immersive virtual reality using head-mounted display. In this study, EEG signals were recorded from 16 participants while they were playing the first-person shooter game with immersive virtual reality environment. Error related negativity (ERN) and correct-(response)-related negativity (CRN) elicited by shooting-related events were successfully extracted. We found the ERN amplitudes to be correlated with the individual shooting performance. Interestingly, the main source of the ERN was the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which is different from previous studies where the signal source was often estimated to be the more caudal part of ACC. The obtained results are expected to contribute to the evaluation of cognitive functions and behavioral performance by ERPs in a simulated environment.
在模拟和真实环境中测量事件相关电位（ERP），有利于理解目标导向活动实践过程中的认知和行为。最近，直接从模拟和真实环境中发生的事件提取ERP，而非使用与任务无关的“探测刺激”来诱发ERP，已引起越来越多的关注。在以往使用沉浸式虚拟现实的ERP研究中，只有少数案例在动态任务设置下从与任务相关的事件中诱发了ERP。此外，据我们调查，尚无研究在使用头戴式显示器的360度沉浸式虚拟现实中探究ERP的来源或ERP与行为表现之间的相关性。在本研究中，16名参与者在玩具有沉浸式虚拟现实环境的第一人称射击游戏时记录了脑电图信号。成功提取了射击相关事件诱发的错误相关负波（ERN）和正确（反应）相关负波（CRN）。我们发现ERN波幅与个体射击表现相关。有趣的是，ERN的主要来源是喙部前扣带回皮质（ACC），这与以往研究不同，以往研究中信号源通常被估计为ACC更靠尾侧的部分。预期所获结果将有助于通过ERP在模拟环境中评估认知功能和行为表现。
