Pollak R, Prusak B F, Mozes M F
Am Surg. 1986 May;52(5):233-5.
Over a 7-year period the authors studied the vascular and ureteric anomalies of kidneys procured from brain dead, heart-beating cadavers for the purposes of transplantation. Four hundred donors had a bilateral nephroureterectomy performed using an en-bloc technique, followed by fine anatomical dissection in cold saline slush solution. Thus, 800 kidneys were available for study. Single renal arteries were found in 72 per cent of the kidneys, with multiple arteries occurring in 28 per cent. The renal veins showed a more uniform anatomical pattern and were single in 92 per cent of instances. There were nine ureteral anomalies, all duplications, being just 1 per cent of the total number studied. Sex, race, and blood group of the donor did not significantly influence the number of anomalies seen. In sum, anatomical variants were noted in 197 (49.3%) donors, 69 (17.3%) with bilateral anomalies and 128 (32.0%) with unilateral anomalies. A knowledge of these anatomical variants will allow surgeons responsible for organ procurement to proceed with caution and so prevent wastage of cadaver kidneys due to technical misadventures.
在7年的时间里，作者研究了从脑死亡、仍有心跳的尸体获取的用于移植的肾脏的血管和输尿管异常情况。400名供体接受了整块技术的双侧肾输尿管切除术，随后在冷盐水淤浆溶液中进行精细的解剖分离。这样，就有800个肾脏可供研究。72%的肾脏发现有单一肾动脉，28%的肾脏有多条动脉。肾静脉显示出更一致的解剖模式，92%的情况下为单一静脉。有9例输尿管异常，均为重复畸形，仅占研究总数的1%。供体的性别、种族和血型对所观察到的异常数量没有显著影响。总之，在197名（49.3%）供体中发现了解剖变异，69名（17.3%）有双侧异常，128名（32.0%）有单侧异常。了解这些解剖变异将使负责器官获取的外科医生谨慎行事，从而防止因技术失误而浪费尸体肾脏。
