Papaioannou Maria, Chorti Angeliki G, Chatzikyriakidou Anthoula, Giannoulis Kleanthis, Bakkar Sohail, Papavramidis Theodosios S
Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
1st Propedeutic Department of Surgery, American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA) University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Front Oncol. 2022 Feb 3;11:755097. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.755097. eCollection 2021.
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for up to 80% of thyroid malignancies. New diagnostic and therapeutic options are suggested including innovative molecular methods. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are nonprotein coding single-stranded RNAs that regulate many cell processes. The aim of the present study is to review the deregulated miRNAs associated with PTCs.
A bibliographic research was conducted, resulting in 272 articles referred to miRNAs and PTC. Regarding our exclusion criteria, 183 articles were finally included in our review.
A remarkably large number of miRNAs have been found to be deregulated during PTC manifestation in the literature. The deregulated miRNAs are detected in tissue samples, serum/plasma, and FNA samples of patients with PTC. These miRNAs are related to several molecular pathways, involving genes and proteins responsible for important biological processes. MiRNA deregulation is associated with tumor aggressiveness, including larger tumor size, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node and distant metastasis, and advanced tumor node metastasis stage.
MiRNAs are proposed as new diagnostic and therapeutic tools regarding PTC. They could be essential biomarkers for PTC diagnosis applied in serum and FNA samples, while their contribution to prognosis is of great importance.
乳头状甲状腺癌（PTC）占甲状腺恶性肿瘤的80%。包括创新分子方法在内的新诊断和治疗方案不断被提出。微小RNA（miRNA）是调节许多细胞过程的非蛋白质编码单链RNA。本研究的目的是综述与PTC相关的失调miRNA。
进行文献检索，共找到272篇提及miRNA与PTC的文章。根据我们的排除标准，最终183篇文章被纳入本综述。
文献中发现大量miRNA在PTC发生过程中失调。在PTC患者的组织样本、血清/血浆和细针穿刺活检（FNA）样本中均可检测到失调的miRNA。这些miRNA与多种分子途径相关，涉及负责重要生物学过程的基因和蛋白质。miRNA失调与肿瘤侵袭性相关，包括肿瘤体积增大、多灶性、甲状腺外侵犯、淋巴管浸润、淋巴结及远处转移以及肿瘤淋巴结转移分期进展。
miRNA被提议作为PTC的新诊断和治疗工具。它们可能是应用于血清和FNA样本的PTC诊断的重要生物标志物，同时其对预后的作用至关重要。
